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International Journal of Bioprinting      Programmable formaldehyde dehydrogenase for biodegradation formaldehyde
















































            Figure 2. The effect of different immobilized conditions on activity of PFDH was analyzed by RSM. (A) SA concentration and cross-linking. (B) SA
            concentration and temperature. (C) SA and CaCl  concentration. (D) Crosslinking time and CaCl  concentration. (E) Temperature and CaCl  concentration.
                                                                         2
                                          2
                                                                                                   2
            (F) Crosslinking time and temperature.
                                                               different. Therefore, we need to investigate the properties
                                                               of immobilized PFDH/CA microspheres.

                                                               3.4. Recycling ability of immobilized PFDH/CA
                                                               microspheres
                                                               To obtain the best size of the particle, we studied the
                                                               recycling ability of PFDH/CA microspheres with the same
                                                               quality. The recycling performance of immobilized PFDH/
                                                               CA microspheres of different sizes but with the same mass
                                                               was measured. The maximum enzyme activity at the time
                                                               of the first test was defined as 100% (Figure 4). The relative
                                                               enzyme activity of 1.5 mm PFDH/CA microspheres was
                                                               maintained at 98% after five repeated uses; the relative
                                                               enzyme activity of 2.5 mm PFDH/CA microspheres was
                                                               maintained at 210% after seven repeated uses; the relative
                                                               enzyme  activity of  3.5  mm  PFDH/CA  microspheres
                                                               was maintained at 184% after reuse for six times. Three
                                                               microspheres with different diameters had similar
            Figure 3. PFDH/CA microspheres immobilized by 3D printing technology.  recycling trends, but microspheres with the diameter of

            Volume 9 Issue 3 (2023)                        124                          https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.695
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