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International Journal of Bioprinting 4D heterojunction shape reconfiguration by two-photon polymerization

A1 A2

B1 B2

C1 C2

D E

F1 F2

G1 G2 G3

Figure 3. The accumulated intermolecular force realized higher freedom responsiveness. (A and A ) Here, a series of CCD photographs show that MNIH
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transformed into a “bracelet” shape that brook the constraint at the x-y plane. The scale bar is 50 μm. (B and B ) Titling-nanowires made MNIH crimp
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into a dynamic chiral torsion at three turns reversely. (C and C ) A specific-sited landscape like an arch bridge self-buckled up from the same planar shape
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with (A) and (B) (but with different densities) due to uneven swelling degrees in an ethanol/water solution. (D) SEM images of as-prepared four hand-
mimic MNIHs curling into a clenched fist by heating without water or liquid. (E) A heat-depended flower-mimic MNIHs, acting like a sensitive mimosa.
The scale bar in (D) and (E) is 50 μm. (F , and F ) Models and SEM images of an in-plane griper-mimic MNIH bent at a C shape. The scale bar is 50 μm.
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(G -G ) Another soft-interactive gripper with a pair of S-shaped arms. The scale bar of CCD micrographs is 50 μm
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SEM images of dexterous five-finger palms (Figure 3D), capturing tiny particles or cells. With more rational designs,
the thumb spontaneously bent at the horizontal axis, and fsLDW certainly promised more highly-directional out-
the other fingers bent following until finally clenched plane mutation for gripping function.
into a fist by gradient heating. Then, we programmed a
dynamic apricot flower-mimic MNIH (Figure 3E), where To optimize local shape-programmability, we proposed
six petals were scanned in a tangent direction accordingly. a gear teeth-like geometry to the design, which generated
Therefore, all petals bent out-plane orientating to the same asymmetric distribution of intermolecular force along the
center under stimuli without compound layers, and the gripper’s arm for higher-degree controllability in bending
closure action represented an out-plane gripper readily for degree. The fsLDW’s flexibility allowed to change the

Volume 9 Issue 3 (2023) 19 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.678