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International Journal of Bioprinting 3D acoustically assembled cell spheroids with high-throughput

level of drug resistance than the traditional 2D cultures. We 3. Kim W, Gwon Y, Park S, et al., 2023, Therapeutic strategies
expect that the 3D acoustic cell assembly device will serve of three-dimensional stem cell spheroids and organoids for
as a powerful tool for the scale-up fabrication of spheroids tissue repair and regeneration. Bioact Mater, 19:50–74.
or even organoids for further biomedical applications, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.03.039
including as models for drug screening or as building
blocks for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. 4. Lin R, Chou L, Chien CM, et al., 2006, Dynamic analysis
of hepatoma spheroid formation: Roles of E-cadherin and
Acknowledgments beta1-integrin. Cell Tissue Res, 324(3):411–422.
The authors acknowledge the Confocal Microscope at the https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-005-0148-2
Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese 5. Huang B, Wei X, Chen K, et al., 2023, Bioprinting of hydrogel
Academy of Sciences. beads to engineer pancreatic tumor-stroma microtissues for
drug screening. Int J Bioprint. 9(3):676.
Funding
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.12.005
This work was supported by the National Key Research and 6. Li S, Yang K, Chen X, et al., 2021, Simultaneous 2D and
Development Program of China (2022YFA1104600) and 3D cell culture array for multicellular geometry, drug
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31927801). discovery and tumor microenvironment reconstruction.
Biofabrication, 13(4):045013.
Conflict of interest
https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/ac1ea8
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
7. Szűcs D, Fekete Z, Guba M, et al., 2023, Toward better drug
Author contributions development: Threedimensional bioprinting in toxicological
research. Int J Bioprint, 9(2):663.
Conceptualization: Keke Chen
Data curation: Tingkuan Miao https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i2.663
Investigation: Tingkuan Miao, Beisi Huang, Yuecheng Qian 8. Kim SJ, Kim EM, Yamamoto M, et al., 2020, Engineering
Resources: Ling Wang, Mingen Xu multi-cellular spheroids for tissue engineering and
Supervision: Mingen Xu regenerative medicine. Adv Healthc Mater, 9(23):2000608.
Writing – original draft: Keke Chen, Tingkuan Miao https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202000608
Writing – review & editing: Keke Chen, Xiaoyun Wei
9. Banerjee D, Singh YP, Datta P, et al., 2022, Strategies for
Ethics approval and consent to participate 3D bioprinting of spheroids: A comprehensive review.
Biomaterials, 291:121881.
Not applicable.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121881
Consent for publication 10. Zhuang P, Chiang YH, Fernanda MS, et al., 2021, Using
spheroids as building blocks towards 3D bioprinting of
Not applicable. tumor microenvironment. Int J Bioprint, 7(4):444.

Availability of data http://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v7i4.444
The data that support the findings of this work are available 11. Skylar-Scott MA, Uzel SGM, Nam LL, et al., 2019,
from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request. Biomanufacturing of organ-specific tissues with high
cellular density and embedded vascular channels. Sci Adv,
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