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Data-driven optimization and parameter estimation for an epidemic model
            Table 4. Signed mean EE, showing the directionality of the elementary effects.

                     Peak Infection Rate         Time of Peak                Cumulative Infections
                     Poland Warszawa Pozna´n Poland Warszawa Pozna´n Poland Warszawa Pozna´n
                  β 1,935    2,342      631      -3.0    387        114      16,242  11         -64
                  η  -2,100  -6,206     -1,750   2.3     -417       -122     -39,370  19        32
                  α -1.5     23         5.3      -0.07   4.5        1.4      -8,907  -3.9       -1.4
                  λ -0.02    -10        -2.2     0.06    -3.5       -1.1     3,526   2.9        1.2
                  v  ≈ 0     ≈ 0        ≈ 0      ≈ 0     ≈ 0        ≈ 0      0.5     ≈ 0        ≈ 0
                  d  -39     -22        -6.3     -9.3    -10        -3.4     3,467   0.06       -0.7




































































            Figure A15. Agreement between the smoothed data (solid black line) and the model (dotted blue line) for
            the vertices not shown in Figure 5. The top-right corner of each panel denotes the vertex.


            and the model, see Figure 6) - these two metro-   early 2021 wave of COVID. Other highly influen-
            politan areas experienced early peaks during this  tial edges (though their relative influence switches
                                                           775
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