Page 25 - IJPS-11-5

International Journal of
Population Studies Human behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic

Figure 25. Global pollution and the stringency index. Image obtained from Zheng et al. (2025).

Figure 26. 2020 crime rate changes. Image obtained from Trajtenberg et al. (2024).

Table 8. Summary of state job recoveries Some states had yet to recover lost jobs as of April
2025, including California, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland,
Parameters Republican‑ Democratic‑ Massachusetts, and New York, which are all Democratic-
led states led states
States with >100% job recovery 12 3 led states.
Average jobs recovered (% of jobs lost) 143% 118% 7. Pandemic medical impacts
Average unemployment rate 3.4% 3.9% Excess deaths that resulted from the COVID-19 NPIs have
States with record-low unemployment 3 0 been discussed. Other COVID pandemic medical impacts
rates were surprisingly broad-based and intense.

Volume 11 Issue 5 (2025) 19 https://doi.org/10.36922/IJPS025110040