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Innovative Medicines & Omics SARS-CoV-2 inhibition by quinolines

coronaviridae viruses, including MERS-CoV and SARS- 88887.694990/2022-00, 88887.719751/2022-00), and FAPERJ
CoV. This cross-viral activity prompted investigations (E-26/201.426/2022, E-26/203.183/2023). The authors would
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into lopinavir’s capability against SARS-CoV-2, showing also like to thank CAPES (process 88887.506710/2020-00,
promising in vitro efficacy against viral proteases such 88887.647774/2021-00 and 88887.722759/2022-00) and
pro 75
as M . Given these properties, lopinavir was selected CNPq (process 312295/2020-0).
as a positive control in this study, highlighting its potent
protease inhibition. Conflict of interest
Therefore, through the docking analyses using diverse The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
software tools and various protein conformations, it has
become possible to evaluate the inhibitory capacity of Author contributions
the studied compounds and, consequently, it has been Conceptualization: Adilson D. da Silva, Priscila Vanessa S.
determined that these compounds possess substantial Zabala Capriles, Milene Dias Miranda
potential as promising agents in the fight against SARS- Investigation: Adilson D. da Silva, Priscila Vanessa S. Zabala
CoV-2. Capriles, Milene Dias Miranda
Methodology: Nícolas Glanzmann, Vinicius Carius de
5. Conclusion Souza, Thamara Kelcya F. Oliveira, Amanda R. Tucci,

Based on the chemical structure of our molecules, the Eduarda Alves Penna, Matheus José Novais Landim,
results of this study indicate that the action of Q1a – Q4a, Alice Santos Rosa, Maria Luiza Pereira Baltazar,
Q1b – Q4b, and Q1bS compounds can directly interfere Vivian Neuza S. Ferreira, Pamella Constantino-Teles,
with the entry process of SARS-CoV-2 into the target Daniel Dias Coutinho Souza, Sylvia Roxo, Caroline
cell. Among all compounds, Q4b distinguished itself by Souza de Freitas, Aline de Paula Dias da Silva, Thiago
demonstrating the most favorable overall results, showing Moreno Lopes Souza
low cytotoxicity and a selectivity index above 90. Thus, Writing – original draft: Nícolas Glanzmann, Thamara
our data are promising and expand knowledge about new Kelcya F. Oliveira, Vinicius Carius de Souza, Maria
therapeutic agents in the fight against COVID-19. We Luiza Pereira Baltazar, Matheus José Novais Landim,
believe that further efforts are needed to understand the Priscila Vanessa S. Zabala Capriles
mechanism of action by this group of quinolines, as well as Writing – review & editing: Nícolas Glanzmann, Priscila
their performance in animal infection models. Vanessa S. Zabala Capriles, Milene Dias Miranda

Acknowledgments Ethics approval and consent to participate
Thanks are due to Biosafety Level 3 (BSL3) laboratory facility Not applicable.
in Pavilhão Leonidas Deane, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Consent for publication
Fiocruz, RJ; and Andre Sampaio from Farmanguinhos,
platform RPT11M, for kindly donating the Calu-3 cells. Not applicable.
Funding Availability of data

This research was funded by the Coordenação de Data are available from the corresponding author upon
Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), reasonable request.
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e
Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa References
do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), and Fundação 1. Li YC, Bai WZ, Hashikawa T. The neuroinvasive potential
Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of
Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ). T.K.F.O., A.R.T., A.S.R., V.N.S.F., COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol. 2020;92(6):552-555.
P.C.T., D.D.C.S., J.N.H.L, S.R., and M.D.M. supported by doi: 10.1002/jmv.25728
Laboratório de Morfologia e Morfogênese Viral, Instituto
Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fiocruz, FIOTEC (grant number 2. Dhama K, Nainu F, Frediansyah A, et al. Global emerging
omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: Impacts, challenges and
IOC-023-FIO-18-2-58), Inova Fiocruz (grant number strategies. J Infect Public Health. 2023;16(1):4-14.
VPPIS-004-FIO-22-2-21), CNPq (Bolsista DT grant
number: 312027/2022-2), CAPES (scholarships and grant doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.11.024
numbers: 88881.506711/2020-01, 88887.648435/2021- 3. Ramasamy R. Overview of immunological and virological
00, 88887.636136/2021-00, 88887.717861/2022-00, factors driving the evolution and global spread of SARS-

Volume 1 Issue 1 (2024) 102 doi: 10.36922/imo.3442