Page 61 - IMO-2-3

Innovative Medicines & Omics Biocompatibility of nanomaterials

serves as a blueprint for future applications in oncology, this research. We gratefully acknowledge S.T.E.L.L.A.R
genetic disorders, and rare diseases. Nanocarriers are also Labs for their invaluable research support, mentorship,
54
being designed to function as both immune modulators and access to laboratory resources that made this
and delivery systems, making them invaluable tools in work possible. We also extend our appreciation to the
managing cancers and infectious diseases. 19,34 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences,

Despite these advancements, regulatory and University of Benin, for providing the infrastructure and
translational barriers persist. Nanomaterials often technical assistance necessary for the successful execution
evolve faster than existing regulatory frameworks can of this study.
accommodate. In response, global entities such as the Funding
OECD, along with industry–academic consortia, have
intensified efforts to harmonize safety assessments, None.
standardize testing protocols, and streamline clinical
translation. Progress in this area, fueled by international Conflict of interest
co-operation and public–private partnerships, is gradually The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
easing these hurdles. 55,56
As the field moves forward, the future of nanomedicine Author contributions
lies in integrative approaches: Combining smart Conceptualization: All authors
biomaterials, AI-driven modeling, regulatory foresight, and Visualization: Marvellous Eyube
personalized care. This holistic vision not only enhances Writing–original draft: All authors
the scientific rigor of nanomedicine but also paves the way Writing–rev iew & editing: Marvellous Eyube
for meaningful clinical impact in global healthcare.
Ethics approval and consent to participate
8. Conclusion
Not applicable.
Biocompatibility remains a foundational requirement for
the effective use of nanomaterials in medical fields such as Consent for publication
drug delivery, diagnostic imaging, tissue regeneration, and Not applicable.
antimicrobial therapy. Key parameters—including surface
chemistry, particle size, and material composition— Availability of data
critically determine biological responses, as illustrated
by the promising performance of the CaO–CaP binary Not applicable.
system in bone tissue engineering. The complementary References
properties of CaO and CaP, when combined with surface
modifications, demonstrate strong potential for clinical 1. Ratner BD, Hoffman AS, Schoen FJ, Lemons JE. Biomaterials
nd
osteointegration. Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine. 2 ed.
San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic Press; 2004. p. 162-4.
As the field progresses, innovations in materials science
and cross-disciplinary collaboration are expected to 2. Mabrouk M, Das DB, Salem ZA, Beherei HH. Nanomaterials
overcome persistent challenges related to toxicity, immune for biomedical applications: Production, characterisations,
compatibility, and large-scale application. The integration of recent trends and difficulties. Molecules. 2021;26(4):1077.
computational tools and AI will further streamline the design doi: 10.3390/molecules26041077
and prediction of safer, high-performance nanomaterials. 3. Zhao J, Castranova V. Toxicology of nanomaterials used
Although regulatory complexities continue to pose barriers, in nanomedicine. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev.
coordinated efforts among scientists, clinicians, and 2011;14(8):593-632.
regulatory bodies will be vital in driving successful clinical doi: 10.1080/10937404.2011.627078
translation. By embedding biocompatibility at the core of
nanomaterial design and actively addressing translational 4. Barenholz YC. Doxil®-the first FDA-approved nano-
gaps, nanomedicine is poised to reshape modern healthcare drug: From an idea to a product. In: Sarmento B, Das
and unlock solutions once beyond reach. Neves J, editors. Handbook of Harnessing Biomaterials in
Nanomedicine. Singapore: Jenny Stanford Publishing; 2021.
Acknowledgments p. 463-528.

First and foremost, the authors give all glory to God doi: 10.1201/9781003139462-18
Almighty for the wisdom, strength, and grace to complete 5. Nguyen KL, Yoshida T, Kathuria-Prakash N, et al.

Volume 2 Issue 3 (2025) 55 doi: 10.36922/IMO025210024