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INNOSC Theranostics and
Pharmacological Sciences Effects of robots on QoL in SCI

Spinal cord abnormalities cover a range of conditions conducting assessments at multiple follow-up times, this
that influence the structure or function of the spinal cord. research seeks to show overall insights into the long-term
6-8
Common types of spinal cord abnormalities include spina advantages of robotic-assisted surgery. In addition, the
bifida, tethered cord syndrome, and spinal cord tumors. study explores the role of nursing care and telehealth in
These abnormalities can cause different symptoms, such assisting and facilitating continuous follow-up, further
as pain, weakness, sensory loss, and deteriorated mobility, improving the patient experience and outcomes. Finally,
significantly affecting the patient’s quality of life (QoL). 9 through this investigation, the study aims to contribute
The prevalence of spinal cord abnormalities differs beneficial knowledge to the field of orthopedic surgery
according to the specific condition. For example, spina and consolidate evidence-based practices that prioritize
10
bifida occurs in about 1 in 1000 live births, while spinal patient-centered care.
cord injuries, which often occur after trauma, affect 2. Materials and methods
approximately 54 individuals per million annually.
Increased awareness, advances in medical technology, and 2.1. Participants and data collection
research innovations have improved early detection and The patient’s data were collected from two hospitals between
management, which affect both incidence and outcomes. 11 December 2023 and November 2024. Only experienced
The Tianji orthopedic robot showed significant physicians and nurses were allowed to collect and record
advancement, offering higher accuracy in screw placement the data. This study included patients with spinal cord
and decreased intraoperative complications. This robotic abnormalities, whether the patient underwent surgery
12
technology improves surgical efficiency and seeks to with or without an assisted robot, with at least 12 months
elevate the overall patient experience and prognosis. 12,13 As of follow-up time. The demographic data, imaging studies,
patient satisfaction and QoL are paramount considerations fracture characteristics, and operation data were collected
in health care, understanding the effect of such developed and analyzed.
technologies is definitive. Before the questionnaire, patients received a brief
The most significant contribution of robotics to explanation of the research study and the purpose of
orthopedics is its ability to increase surgical accuracy. using the collected data. Patients were required to answer
The traditional surgical techniques mainly depend on the all questions before submitting the survey at the pre-
surgeon’s skills, which increases the chance of inattentive operation stage. A self-administered questionnaire was
errors. Moreover, robotic systems combined with advanced distributed using the Baidu forms platform and shared
imaging and real-time feedback techniques allow surgeons via Chinese social media platforms (WeChat and QQ)
to plan and perform surgery with high accuracy. 14 for patient follow-up. However, patients who received the
The high accuracy level needed minimizes disruption of online questionnaire were required to confirm their desire
soft tissue, resulting in reduced post-surgery complications to participate in the survey. Participation in this study was
and recovery periods. Developing a multidisciplinary voluntary, no compensation was provided, no identifying
strategy requires structured communication and details were collected, and data collection was anonymous.
cooperation, where each healthcare providers share Demographic and injury data were collected from patient
their insights into improving patient safety and surgical records and imaging studies, following the principles
sufficiency. 15-17 Specifically, nurses play a fundamental role outlined in the Helsinki Declaration. This study was
in perioperative care, providing essential assessments, approved by the ethics committee of The Second Affiliated
monitoring, and support associated with the surgical Hospital of Hainan Medical University.
procedure. 18,19 2.2. Inclusion/exclusion criteria
Patient satisfaction covers various aspects, including The inpatients who were ≥18 years old, capable of
pain management, functional recovery, and the overall understanding the study, and agreed to participate were
experience of care, while QoL includes a patient’s physical, included. Patients who were unable to complete the
emotional, and social well-being. 20,21 It is essential to questionnaire, with cognitive impairments, or did not
highlight the importance of these factors in assessing how provide consent, either personally or through a family
robotic-assisted IF surgery influences the patients over time. member, were excluded.

This longitudinal follow-up study aims to investigate
the effects of IF surgery using the Tianji orthopedic 2.3. Sample size
robot on patient satisfaction and QoL. By involving The Raosoft calculator (Raosoft Inc., United States) was
validated patient-reported outcome measures and utilized to set the sample size for our study, based on the

Volume 8 Issue 3 (2025) 86 doi: 10.36922/ITPS025080009