Page 109 - JCAU-6-4

Journal of Chinese
Architecture and Urbanism Cultural exposition of architectural heritage

6.2.2. Cultural symbolism and social functions Addressing these issues requires macro-level

The architectural features in Pingyao, such as corbel arch considerations and suggestions. Some of these include the
structures, roof ridges, and decorative brackets, carry deep formulation of appropriate laws and rules for the protection
cultural significance, representing meaningful aspects of heritage sites, fundraising for the maintenance and
of Chinese architectural designs and craftsmanship. restoration of properties, involving residents and grassroots
These elements are not merely decorative; they symbolize organizations in overseeing the preservation efforts, and
uniquely traditional Chinese concepts, values, and enhancing the use of information technology to support
guidelines, including Feng Shui, androgynous gender roles, heritage protection. Emphasizing green architecture and
and social hierarchy. For instance, the grand courtyards finding practical ways to share cultural values and practices
of Shanxi Jin merchants symbolize lineage-based kinship, to promote sustainable development are also important in
which is patriarchal in nature and strictly adheres to ritually this regard.
constructed social structures during the ancient regime. The focus on the social aspect of architectural heritage
highlights that Pingyao historical city contributes
6.2.3. Community and identity significantly to cultural, economic, and social sectors. It

The architectural elements of Pingyao historical city foster acts as a tool for expressing character, creates a historical
a sense of togetherness and belonging among individuals and cultural memory for the people, and strengthens the
with ties to the place. Public buildings in the city, such local economy. Nonetheless, to ensure this valuable cultural
as the City God Temple and the Confucian Temple, play asset remains a legacy for future generations, proper
crucial roles in community life by hosting significant conservation strategies and sustainable development
festivals and ceremonies. These structures are not only measures are essential.
functional but also serve as central social hubs, acting as
rallying points for the community and forming a core part 6.3. Spiritual dimension
of their cultural practices. Historic Chinese architecture embodies the burgeoning
Chinese spirit, which incorporates philosophical, political,
6.2.4. Tourism and economic impact and religious elements. These structures reflect and
From the perspective of tourism, which plays an essential reinforce philosophical concepts such as Yin and Yang,
role in Pingyao’s economy, the value of its architectural along with religious preferences, including Daoism and
idioms cannot be overstated. The city’s scenic layout and, Buddhism.
most importantly, its numerous tourist attractions, most of
which are national-level cultural relic units, have turned 6.3.1. Yin and Yang and the Five Elements
Pingyao into a major tourist hub. As a result, specific In ancient Chinese thought, Yin and Yang represent the
and balanced tourism projects have been successfully two forces that govern existence in the universe. This
developed, offering tourists enduring experiences and concept is well depicted in the placement and style of
valuable insights into the city. the compound walls of traditional Chinese buildings.

The promotion of tourism based on architectural For instance, in the structure of Pingyao historical city,
heritage contributes to the transformation of the local the complementary forces of Yin and Yang are evident
economy by creating jobs and increasing income. in the courtyard style of the buildings. The alignment
It underscores the financial returns of architectural of numerous doors, dwellings, and main halls, with side
conservation and how these returns provide the necessary rooms paralleling the central building, symbolizes the
means for sustaining ongoing preservation efforts. Yin-Yang concept. This duality provides spatial order,
with Yang representing the more social and animated
6.2.5. Challenges areas, while Yin signifies the secluded and calm areas of
The primary problem of the Pingyao historical city the property.
is the preservation of its architectural identity, which The notion of the Five Elements – metal, wood, water,
holds significant cultural and economic values. Natural fire, and earth – is also important in Chinese architecture.
calamities, climatic change, insufficient funding, and the These elements are considered to have a cyclical relationship,
lack of adequate awareness among residents and tourists influencing the shape and orientation of constructions. In
about the importance of cultural monuments all endanger Pingyao, buildings are traditionally aligned according to
their existence. Furthermore, the dominance of economic these principles, with careful consideration of water and
and commercial interests, particularly tied to tourism, has wind control. Gates and main structures are oriented to
resulted in the decline of architectural traditions. promote prosperity and protect from disasters.

Volume 6 Issue 4 (2024) 9 https://doi.org/10.36922/jcau.4189