Page 36 - JCAU-7-2

Journal of Chinese
Architecture and Urbanism Moisture damage in plastered heritage building

Table 2. Soil types in Shaoxing city, Zhejiang Province, China
Name of the soil Soil class Subclass name Parent material
Red pine mud Red Red Weathering of metamorphic rocks such as gneiss, schist, and mixed
rocks
Sand sticky red mud Red Red Coarse-grained granite, granitic porphyry weathered remnant slope
deposits
Yellow and red soil Red Yellow-red soil Remnant slope deposits of weathered materials, such as shale, schist,
phyllite, siliceous mudstone, and siltstone.
Yellow slime Red Yellow-red soil Remnant slope deposits of basalt, andesite porphyry, and other
basement neutral rocks
Mountain yellow slime Yellow Yellow Basalt, andesite, and other basement and neutral rock weathered
remnant slope deposits
Oil yellow mud Limestone (rock) soil Brown limestone soil Limestone weathering
Sour purple gravel soil Purple soil Acidic purple soil Cretaceous reddish-purple sand shale and Jurassic purple
conglomerate weathering
White rock sand Coarse bone soil Acidic coarse bone soil Granite-weathered remnant slope deposits
Red gravel soil Coarse bone soil Acidic coarse bone soil Remnant slope deposits weathered by light-colored tuff
Brown soil Coarse bone soil Neutral coarse bone soil Basalt-type weathering
Bottom salty sand Tidal soil Gray tidal soil Modern estuarine sediments
River mud Tidal soil Gray tidal soil River tidal sediments (fluvial-marine facies)
Yellow powder mud field Paddy soil Cultivating paddy soil Yellow-red soil reaccumulation of weathered shale
Old yellow tendon mud field Paddy soil Cultivating paddy soil Quaternary laterite
Yellow mud field Paddy soil Cultivating paddy soil Reaccumulation of yellow-red soil
Painted sand fields Paddy soil Flooding paddy soil Shallow marine sediments
Red sticky field Paddy soil Flooding paddy soil Red clay with weathered basalt (red soil)
Jiangtu mud field Paddy soil Flooding paddy soil Fluvial mud (gray fluvial soil) developed in fluvial-marine sediments
Small powder mud fields Paddy soil Infiltration of paddy soil Fluvial-marine sediments
Green powder mud field Paddy soil Desubmersible paddy soil Fluvial-marine or lacustrine marine sediments
Wushan green purple mud field Paddy soil Desubmersible paddy soil Lacustrine or lacustrine marine sediments

an infrared thermal camera (FLIR C5 SE-187, Flir system,
Estonia to detect and map humidity levels. Over 20 heritage
buildings in Anchang historical town, such as the BCW
building, HGS building, and Suikang Chancery, were
studied, and their patterns of deterioration were categorized.
Among these, the BCW and HGS buildings were identified
as particularly representative of the deterioration types,
offering valuable insights into the underlying causes and
mechanisms (Figures 5 and 6).

2.2.1. Morphological characterization of deterioration
in heritage buildings
a) Deterioration patterns and types

Heritage buildings in Anchang historical town generally Figure 5. The former site of the Bank of China in Wangjiaqiao. Source:
exhibit three main categories of deterioration caused by Photo by Si Chen (2024)
environmental factors: weathering, damage from humidity,
and biological colonization. caused by wind-blown sand and gravel particles
• Alveolization: Alveolization is a form of differential on building surfaces. This process gradually erodes
weathering that occurs due to prolonged friction the mortar, transforming its texture into a powdery

Volume 7 Issue 2 (2025) 6 https://doi.org/10.36922/jcau.4606