Page 129 - JCAU-7-3

Journal of Chinese
Architecture and Urbanism Spatial analysis of urban garden space

In the context of garden houses, it is essential to recognize social sustainability principles). In addition, participatory
that buyers typically do not engage in gardening or farming models in Garden City planning should be explored,
activities. Instead, they acquire these properties primarily particularly methods for involving local communities and
for recreational purposes. However, this trend has broader stakeholders in the planning and development process to
implications, particularly concerning food security. The enhance project acceptance and success. The findings of
concentration of ownership over food production resources this study have significant implications for policymaking
– such as agricultural land – without a corresponding and future project development across various fields.
commitment to agricultural production undermines the They can serve as a valuable resource for professionals
right to food for others. A study conducted by Amirzadeh working in natural resource management, agricultural
Moradabadi (2017) revealed that the conversion of development, and environmental protection.
agricultural land into urban and non-agricultural areas,
particularly in peri-urban regions, reduces cultivable land Acknowledgments
and food production capacity. These land-use changes None.
result in increased food production costs and ultimately
diminish access to food resources. According to the findings Funding
of the study, the conversion of agricultural land for non- None.
agricultural purposes results in several challenges, such as
a decline in agricultural diversity, reduced green spaces, Conflict of interest
and water resource shortages, all of which pose significant
threats to food security. Similarly, Reyhan Kalvanagh The authors declare that the research was conducted in the
et al. (2023) emphasize that the lack of consideration for absence of any commercial or financial relationships that
“Garden Cities” in urban development plans exacerbates could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
the reduction of agricultural land, increases urban land-use Author contributions
fragmentation, and ultimately decreases food production,
further threatening food security. Conceptualization: Mohmad Taghi Heydari
Data curation: All authors
In countries with predominantly low- and middle-income Formal analysis: Mohmad Taghi Heydari
populations, such as Iran, there is considerable untapped Investigation: All authors
potential to enhance food security and dietary diversity by Methodology: Mohmad Taghi Heydari, Zahar khodakarami
promoting fruit and vegetable cultivation in urban gardens. Writing – original draft: All authors
Nevertheless, several limitations persist. Many beneficiaries Writing – review & editing: Zahra Khodakarami, Ahmad
lack awareness of the multifaceted benefits of urban gardens, Asadi, Mohmad Taghi Heydari
possess limited horticultural expertise, and often replicate
European ornamental garden styles rather than focusing on Ethics approval and consent to participate
food production. In addition, an overreliance on purchasing
rather than producing food remains a challenge, exacerbated Not applicable.
by the looming threat of global climate change. Consent for publication
Future research should explore the long-term impacts Not applicable.
of land-use cover changes associated with Garden Cities
on ecological systems, particularly in terms of vegetation Availability of data
composition, water resources, and soil quality. The role
of government policies in the development of Garden The data can be made available to the applicant through
Cities also warrants further examination, including an the corresponding author.
assessment of how policies and regulations influence References
land-use changes and strategies for their more effective
management. Key areas for investigation include the Ahmad, W. S., Kaloop, M. R., Jamal, S., Taqi, M., Hu, J. W., &
economic evaluation of Garden Cities (analyzing costs Abd El-Hamid, H. (2024). An analysis of LULC changes for
understanding the impact of anthropogenic activities on
and benefits related to the development of Garden Cities, food security: A case study of Dudhganga watershed, India.
including their impact on land value, employment, and Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 196(1):105.
local income) and sustainable Garden City planning
and design models (proposing models and solutions for https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-12264-9
creating Garden Cities that align with environmental and Alshari, E. A., Abdulkareem, M. B., & Gawali, B. W. (2023).

Volume 7 Issue 3 (2025) 13 https://doi.org/10.36922/jcau.6234