Page 69 - JCBP-3-2

Journal of Clinical and
Basic Psychosomatics Evaluation of biopsychosocial factors

this difference, it may explain some of the less significant Dependence on ADLs was significantly associated
results. It was also confirmed that depression is associated with depression (P < 0.01) but not with anxiety (P = 0.21).
with unmarried status, although the relationship is less A strong correlation (Pcc > 0.5) was observed between
pronounced. The results shown in Figure 3 did not reveal the partial and global results of the SF-36v2 and HADS
any statistically significant correlation between marital (Table 3). In addition, a significant correlation (P < 0.01)
status and anxiety. was found between pain, as assessed by the BPI, and
However, the correlation analysis indicated a depression and anxiety scores from the HADS (r = 0.348
statistically significant relationship between dependency and r = 0.299, respectively) (Table 3).
and depression, while no significant relationship was When evaluating the impact of pain on changes in
found between dependency and anxiety (P = 0.001 and ADL, depression, and QoL using the validated Portuguese
P = 0.125, respectively). The lack of autonomy was found versions of the HADS and BPI, it was found that depression
to significantly increase the risk of depression in the is associated with marital status, being more pronounced
studied population. The HADS results demonstrated lower in widowed and divorced individuals. Changes in ADL
levels of depression and anxiety in self-sufficient patients were linked to depression, but not anxiety. A collinearity
(Table 2 and Figure 4). was observed between the HADS and BPI (Table 4).
The dimensions assessed in the SF-36v2 and BPI The affective and active subdimensions of BPI showed
showed worse outcomes in dependent patients (P < 0.01 a strong correlation with both anxiety and depression.
and P < 0.05, respectively). A significant collinearity These correlations highlight the complexity of oncological
was observed between HADS and BPI (P < 0.01). conditions, underscoring the importance of early
Autocorrelation, demonstrated through Pcc (>0.3), was diagnosis using appropriate tools to enable effective pain
found among the subdimensions of BPI, all of which were management while addressing psychosomatic factors. The
collinear with HADS (P < 0.01). significant correlations found (Table 4) may help determine
the impact of biopsychosocial conditioning, suggesting
that early psychosomatic diagnosis and effective treatment
Table 1. Depression and anxiety related in married and
unmarried populations, as assessed by the Hospital Anxiety of total pain can influence the progression of oncological
and Depression scale pathology and the success of therapy. 40
Variable Married Unmarried Significance
Depression 11.2±4.5 10.8±5.0 *P=0.042
Anxiety 10.9±4.0 10.7±4.5 P=0.653
Notes: Mean results±standard deviation. *denotes statistical
significance (P<0.05).

Figure 3. Relationship between depression and anxiety with marital Figure 4. Depression and anxiety scores on the Hospital Anxiety and
status. Data are expressed as median and interquartile range. Depression Scale (HADS) in self-sufficient and dependent patients.
Abbreviation: HADS: Hospital anxiety and depression scale. Note: Data are presented as median and interquartile range.

Volume 3 Issue 2 (2025) 63 doi: 10.36922/jcbp.4097