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Journal of Clinical and
            Translational Research                                                  ROCK inhibition in chronic rejection



            Writing – original draft: Malgorzata Kloc, Arijita Subuddhi,      doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-54090-0_15
               Marta Halasa                                    7.   Liu Y, Chen  W, Wu C,  et al. Macrophage/monocyte-
            Writing – review & editing: Malgorzata Kloc, Souhail A.   specific deletion of Ras homolog gene family member A
               Thabet, Rafik M. Ghobrial                          (RhoA) downregulates fractalkine receptor and inhibits
                                                                  chronic rejection of mouse cardiac allografts. J Heart Lung
            Ethics approval and consent to participate            Transplant. 2017;36:340-354.
            All experiments were performed according to The       doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.08.011
            Methodist Hospital Research Institute animal care and use   8.   Chen W, Chen W, Chen S, Uosef A, Ghobrial RM, Kloc M.
            standards, as outlined in the Guide for the Care and Use of   Fingolimod (FTY720) prevents chronic rejection of rodent
            Laboratory Animals (DHHS publication No. [NIH] 85-23   cardiac allografts through inhibition of the RhoA pathway.
            Revised 1985). The Institute also mandates concordance   Transpl Immunol. 2021;65:101347.
            with the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and      doi: 10.1016/j.trim.2020.101347
            Use of Laboratory Animals and the National Institute of
            Health Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate   9.   Tharaux PL, Bukoski RC, Rocha PN, et al. Rho kinase promotes
            Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training. The use of   alloimmune responses by regulating the proliferation and
                                                                  structure of T cells. J Immunol. 2003;171:96-105.
            mice was approved by The Houston Methodist Research
            Institute  Institutional Animal Care  and Use  Committee      doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.171.1.96
            (IACUC; Protocol number #S00007095).               10.  Subuddhi A, Uosef A, Zou D, Ubelaker HV, Ghobrial RM,
                                                                  Kloc M. Comparative transcriptome profile of mouse
            Consent for publication                               macrophages treated with the RhoA/Rock pathway inhibitors
            Not applicable.                                       Y27632, fingolimod (gilenya), and rezurock (belumosudil,
                                                                  SLx-2119). Int Immunopharmacol. 2023;118:110017.
            Availability of data                                  doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110017
            Data from this study are available from the corresponding   11.  Liu Y, Chen W, Minze LJ, et al. Dissonant response of M0/
            author on reasonable request.                         M2 and M1 bone-marrow-derived macrophages to RhoA
                                                                  pathway interference. Cell Tissue Res. 2016;366:707-720.
            References                                            doi: 10.1007/s00441-016-2491-x
            1.   Available from: https://www.transplant/observatory.org/wp/  12.  Chen W, Chen S, Chen W, Li XC, Ghobrial RM, Kloc M.
               content/uploads/2023/11/2022/data/global/report_vf_2.pdf  Screening RhoA/ROCK inhibitors for the ability to prevent
            2.   Symeou S, Avramidou E, Papalois V, Tsoulfas G. Global   chronic rejection of mouse cardiac allografts.  Transpl
               transplantation: Lessons from  organ transplantation   Immunol. 2018;50:15-25.
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                                                               13.  Li Q, Cheng Y, Zhang Z, Bi Z, Ma X, Wei Y, Wei X. Inhibition
               doi: 10.5500/wjt.v15.i1.99683                      of ROCK ameliorates pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing
            3.   Justiz Vaillant AA, Mohseni M. Chronic transplantation   M2  macrophage  polarisation  through  phosphorylation  of
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                                                               14.  Chen W, Ghobrial RM, Li XC, Kloc M. Inhibition of RhoA
            4.   Holt CD. Overview of immunosuppressive therapy in solid   and mTORC2/Rictor by Fingolimod (FTY720) induces p21-
               organ transplantation. Anesthesiol Clin. 2017;35:365-380.  activated kinase 1, PAK-1 and amplifies podosomes in mouse
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            5.   Chancharoenthana W, Traitanon O, Leelahavanichkul A,      doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.07.009
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               doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206929                    doi: 10.3390/ijms20061331
            6.   Liu Y, Kubiak JZ, Li XC, Ghobrial RM, Kloc M. Macrophages   16.  Zanin-Zhorov A, Blazar BR. ROCK2, a critical regulator
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            Volume 11 Issue 5 (2025)                        93                         doi: 10.36922/JCTR025270036
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