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Microbes & Immunity                                        Homologous versus heterologous COVID-19 vaccines








































                 Figure 1. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta chart demonstrating the details of screening and selecting articles

            A















                                                               Figure 3. Overview of the different vaccination strategies used for the first
            B                                                  and second doses of the COVID-19 vaccination
                                                               was 9.2, which suggests there was no significant difference
                                                               in the protection conferred by the heterologous vaccination
                                                               regime compared to the homologous vaccination regime.
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                                                               A margin of GMR >0.63 was used to determine the non-
                                                               inferiority of the heterologous group.  On the other hand,
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                                                               participants who received heterologous BNT/ChAd had
                                                               lower spike IgG antibody levels compared to participants
                                                               vaccinated with homologous BNT/BNT (7,133 EU/mL
                                                               to 14,080 EU/mL) with a GMR of 0.51. It is important
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                                                               to highlight that when a comparison was made between
            Figure 2. Analysis of the shortlisted research articles. (A) Type of studies
            included in the scoping review and (B) regions of studies included in the   heterologous ChAd/BNT with homologous BNT/BNT
            scoping review                                     groups, the resulting spike IgG levels were comparable


            Volume 1 Issue 2 (2024)                         15                               doi: 10.36922/mi.3757
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