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Materials Science in Additive Manufacturing Preparation and modification of porous Ti

A C

B

Figure 7. Preparation of porous titanium alloys using different fibre preparation methods. (A) Preparation of porous titanium by fiber winding method of
titanium alloy. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier. Reprinted with permission from Elsevier. (B) Schematic diagram depicting NiT titanium alloy wire eutectic
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reaction sintering of porous titanium. (C) Schematic diagram depicting titanium mesh superposition of porous titanium. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier.
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Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.
by the heat source to produce energy to make the melt pool by SLM had higher cell viability and cell adhesion density
fuse and solidify, and connecting into linear and planar than the TC4 scaffold made by EBM. Then, the mechanical
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metal layers. After finishing the layer, the powder-laying properties of CP-TI prepared by SLM and cast CP-Ti were
process is repeated until forming is completed. 65 tested, and the modulus of the porous scaffold prepared
by SLM was lower. Due to the advantages of additive
The process is mainly affected by laser power, spot manufacturing technology in the preparation of complex
diameter, hatch spacing, scanning speed, powder thickness, porous structures, design methods involving the adjustment
preheating temperature, and other parameters, and the of parameters such as porosity, aperture, cell type, and
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materials obtained by different processes exhibit different structure size have gradually attracted the attention of
properties. The processing principle of SLS is close to that researchers, and porous structure design methods
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of the powder sintering method, which mainly makes the such as CAD structure, medical imaging, topology
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powder surface melt and bond. However, compared with optimization, and minimal surface have been established.
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the traditional powder sintering method, SLS technology
has more advantages in the preparation of macroscopic The additive manufacturing method has significant
pores, and the porosity, pore size, and other structural advantages in the preparation of bionic porous implants. Lv
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parameters can be controlled better and faster. However, et al. prepared porous scaffolds with porosity varying along
a notable disadvantage of this method is that the obtained a radial gradient using SLM technique. The mechanical
material is of low strength. properties showed that the decrease in peripheral porosity
could increase the moment of inertia of the porous implant
EBM technology uses an electron beam as a heat and improve the bending and compression resistance of the
source, which has advantages in refractory metal additive material. In addition, the effect of porous unit variation on
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manufacturing. In contrast, SLM has higher accuracy, which the mechanical properties has also been investigated. The
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is suitable for preparing high-precision components. mechanical and permeability properties of the scaffolds are
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Ataee et al. studied in vitro biocompatibility of CP-Ti compromised when different units are combined. Overall,
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manufactured by SLM and Ti64 scaffolds fabricated by the additive manufacturing method is able to achieve precise
EBM and compared them with cast CP-Ti. The in vitro cell control of the strength, modulus, and biological properties of
experiment results showed that the CP-Ti scaffold made the present porous implants with reduced material usage. 80
Volume 3 Issue 1 (2024) 9 https://doi.org/10.36922/msam.2753