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Tumor Discovery

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
The clinicopathological and prognostic

significance of PD-1 expression in cancers: A
bioinformatics analysis

Shuai Shi, Zhi-Gang Zhang, Guan-Ying Ma, and Hong-Yan Ma*

Department of Pathology, Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China

Abstract

Background: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), which is encoded by PDCD1
gene, is a cell-surface protein of immunoglobin family. A number of published
studies have reported the relationship between PD-1 expression and prognosis in
cancers. The purpose of our study was to identify an independent prognostic marker.
Methods: In the present study, we investigated the prognostic value of PD-1 mRNA
expression through the Kaplan–Meier plotter databases.
Results: The expression of PD-1 mRNA was negatively related with the overall survival
(OS) rate of gastric cancer, but positively associated with the OS rate of breast cancer,
ovarian cancer and liver cancer (P < 0.05). High PD-1 mRNA expression was linked
to an improved relapse-free survival rate of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and liver
cancer (P < 0.05). There was a negative correlation with post-progression survival in
gastric cancer (P < 0.05). Besides, there was a positive correlation with progression-
free survival and disease specific survival in liver cancer. We also further evaluated
the prognostic value of PD-1 in relation to different clinicopathological features of
cancers.
*Corresponding author:
Hong-Yan Ma Conclusion: Our results showed that PD-1 expression might be a good marker for
(mahongyan1860@163.com) the prognosis of patients with cancers, which highlights new methods and ideas for
Citation: Shi S, Zhang Z, Ma G, preventive treatment.
et al., 2022, The clinicopathological
and prognostic significance of
PD-1 expression in cancers: Keywords: Programmed cell death protein 1; Bioinformatics analysis; Clinicopathological
A bioinformatics analysis. Tumor features; Carcinoma
Discov, 1(1): 59.
https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i1.59
Received: December 6, 2021
Accepted: April 1, 2022 1. Introduction
Published Online: April 15, 2022
Copyright: © 2022 Author(s). Programmed cell death protein l (PD-1, also known as PDCD1 or CD279), is a
This is an Open Access article transmembrane glycoprotein. PD-1 gene contains five exons, with each encoding a
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution different domain. PD-1 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is homologous
License, permitting distribution, to the amino acid sequences of CD28 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4.
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is Its cytoplasmic tail contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM).
properly cited. PD-1-mediated inhibition signals are mainly dependent on ITIM, which binds to
Publisher’s Note: AccScience SHP-2 and thus inhibits the phosphorylation of downstream signaling molecules [1,2] .
Publishing remains neutral with PD-1 gene is widely expressed in immune cells, such as T or B cells, natural killer cells,
regard to jurisdictional claims in [3]
published maps and institutional regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and dendritic cells . PD-1 has
affiliations. two ligands, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2, which are involved in

Volume 1 Issue 1 (2022) 1 https://doi.org/10.36922/td.v1i1.59