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Tumor Discovery

REVIEW ARTICLE
An overview of the risk, underlying factors, and

mechanism of cancer progression in polycystic
ovary syndrome

1
1
Rubiat Afrin Ayon , Md. Azmain Faike , Sumiya Zaman Ononna ,
1
Aminul Hassan , Shoumik Kundu , Farhana Akhter ,
1
1
2
Mohammad Mahfuz Ali Khan Shawan , Md. Mozammel Hossain ,
1
1
Md. Ibrahim Khalil *, and Md. Ashraful Hasan *
1
1
1 Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
2 Government Unani and Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital, Mirpur-13, Dhaka 1221, Bangladesh
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder
among women of reproductive age. PCOS is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction,
clinical or biochemical features of hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. The risk
of cancer among PCOS patients has been a topic of discussion for decades due to the
overlapping metabolic and endocrine abnormalities. This review article focuses on the
association of PCOS with various types of reproductive (such as endometrial cancer,
ovarian cancer, and breast cancer) and non-reproductive cancers, considering different
aspects, such as the risk of cancer progression in PCOS patients, the underlying factors,
*Corresponding authors: and the mechanism through which PCOS might progress to cancer. The information
Md. Ibrahim Khalil
(drmikhalil@gmail.com) provided in this article would help create awareness among PCOS patients about the
Md. Ashraful Hasan need to take risk-reducing measures. This article might also aid in the effort of identifying
(ashrafulhasan@juniv.edu) novel therapeutic targets to counteract the progression of cancer in PCOS.
Citation: Ayon RA, Faike MA,
Ononna SZ, et al., 2023, An
overview of the risk, underlying Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome; Cancer; Risk; Mechanism
factors, and mechanism of cancer
progression in polycystic ovary
syndrome. Tumor Discov, 2(1): 328.
https://doi.org/10.36922/td.328
1. Introduction
Received: January 16, 2023
Accepted: March 3, 2023 Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder among
Published Online: March 17, 2023
females of reproductive age in developed countries. According to reports, 6–20% of
Copyright: © 2023 Author(s). women of reproductive age suffer from PCOS . This syndrome, which is heterogeneous,
[1]
This is an Open Access article may be defined by a combination of signs and symptoms related to androgen excess and
distributed under the terms of the
[1]
Creative Commons Attribution ovarian dysfunction in the absence of any specific diagnoses . Women who are diagnosed
License, permitting distribution, and with PCOS may complain of heavy or irregular menstrual bleeding, infertility, obesity,
reproduction in any medium, which oily skin, seborrhea, cystic acne, or hirsutism. These symptoms may have a significant
provided that the original work is
properly cited. negative effect on a woman’s quality of life and may cause psychological anguish that
jeopardizes both her femininity and physical health. As a result, the illness may lead to
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
[2]
Publishing remains neutral with issues at work, dysfunctional family dynamics, and changing perceptions of oneself .
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional The pathophysiology of PCOS is known to be affected by both genetic and
[3]
affiliations. environmental factors, but its exact cause is unclear . Despite the fact that the molecular
Volume 2 Issue 1 (2023) 1 https://doi.org/10.36922/td.328