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Tumor Discovery Surgical implantation of malignant cells

Figure 1. PRISMA flowchart showing identification of studies from database.

ascites tumor cells were needed to cause pulmonary melanomas using the 30-gauge needle tracts, Glasgow
metastasis and 300,000 to 500,000 cells were needed in et al. compared the number of cells found in needle tracts
the case of peritoneal metastasis. Similar findings were to the number needed to cause growth of tumors in animal
published by Southam and Brunshwig , who also found models and found much fewer cells in the needle tracts .
[12]
[10]
that subcutaneous nodules did not resulted following auto- In 1998, Mighell and High examined serial sections
[13]
transplantation with an inoculum of less than one million of resected cancer specimen of six patients known to
cells in humans. have undergone fine-needle aspiration of head-and-neck
tumors. Needle tract was identified in two of six specimens,
4.3. Implantation during cytology and both cases demonstrated tumor cells along the tract.
Clark et al. first reported implantation of malignant cells of Smith investigated the incidence of needle tract seeding
[14]
the prostate at the site of fine needle aspiration in 1953 . through questionnaires sent to 470 hospitals. He found
[11]
This was followed by reports of implantation using Trucut, an incidence of one in 16,381 biopsies, which compared
Vim-Silverman, Moonen, Turkel, 14-gauge needle, and favorably to the results of previous surveys of two in 11,700
other unspecified needles . In a quantitative study on biopsies and two in 66,937 biopsies. Risk of implantation
[12]
seeding of melanoma cells in patients with intraocular during therapeutic and diagnostic procedures on primary

Volume 2 Issue 3 (2023) 3 https://doi.org/10.36922/td.1411