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Tumor Discovery HHT inhibits pancreatic cancer progress

A

B

Figure 8. HHT alters the tumor microenvironment by inhibiting macrophages. (A) Viability of RAW264.7 cells incubated with HHT for 24 h, was
measured by the CCK-8 assay (n = 4). (B) Representative images of tumor tissue stained with F4/80 (green fluorescence) and DAPI (blue fluorescence).
Magnification: 10× and 40×, respectively, from left to right for panel B. Note: ***P < 0.001.
Abbreviations: HHT: Homoharringtonine; CCK-8 assay: Cell counting kit-8 assay.

the observed reduction in OCR following HHT treatment and cyclin D2. In addition, HHT treatment reduced the
indicated inhibition of mitochondrial energy metabolism. expression of mutant p53 (mp53) in PANC-1 cells. Mutant
This impairment rendered PANC-1 cells unable to adapt p53 has been shown to have potential gain-of-function
to mitochondrial dysfunction, thus inhibiting their activities, such as interference with the regulation of
proliferation. Taken together, targeting mitochondrial cell survival, DNA damage repair, and drug resistance,
energy metabolism may serve as a promising therapeutic in contrast to the tumor-suppressive roles of wild-type
strategy for pancreatic cancer. p53. 31,32 Previous studies have shown a positive correlation
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The present study also showed that the cell cycles between mp53 and CDC2 in PANC-1 cells, as well as
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of PANC-1 cells were arrested, accompanied by the in breast metastatic cancer cell line SKBR3, and head and
dose-dependent downregulation of CDC2, CDC25c, neck cancer cell lines CAL27 and FADU. It is known that
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Volume 4 Issue 1 (2025) 109 doi: 10.36922/td.7825