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Tumor Discovery SNPs rs9929218 and rs6983267 in Kurdish CRC

remain potential biomarkers for genetic screening. Given Funding
their association with CRC susceptibility in previous studies,
future research should explore larger multi-ethnic cohort None.
studies to confirm whether these SNPs influence CRC Conflict of interest
risk independently or in combination with other genetic
factors. In addition, gene-environment interactions, The author declares no conflicts of interest.
11
including dietary patterns and inflammatory markers, may Author contributions
modify genetic risk. Further functional studies are needed
to determine how rs9929218 and rs6983267 influence gene This is a single-authored article.
expression and CRC pathogenesis. Moreover, integrating
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these SNPs into polygenic risk scores could improve risk Ethics approval and consent to participate
prediction and contribute to personalized medicine. 19 This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Komar
Our study has several limitations. The relatively small University of Science and Technology (Approval number:
sample size may have reduced statistical power, and the lack KUST-SP25-03-01-DEN). Written informed consent was
of environmental and lifestyle data (e.g., diet, smoking, and obtained from all participants before sample collection.
physical activity) limits our ability to account for additional The study adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the
risk factors. Furthermore, functional validation was not Declaration of Helsinki.
performed, and future studies should investigate the biological Consent for publication
effects of these SNPs on gene expression and tumor behavior.
Despite these limitations, our findings provide valuable Written informed consent was obtained from all
insights into CRC genetics in an understudied population. participants for the use or publish their anonymized data
in this study.
5. Conclusion

This study provides insights into the prevalence and Availability of data
potential clinical significance of rs9929218 in CDH1 Data are available from the corresponding author on
and rs6983267 in the 8q24 region among Kurdish CRC reasonable request.
patients. The findings indicate that these SNPs are more References
frequently detected in CRC cases compared to controls,
suggesting a potential role in CRC susceptibility. However, 1. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics
after adjusting for confounding factors such as age, sex, 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality
and tumor characteristics, neither SNP remained an worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin.
independent predictor of CRC risk. Despite this, significant 2021;71(3):209-249.
associations were observed between these SNPs and doi: 10.3322/caac.21660
clinicopathological features, particularly advanced tumor 2. Katsaounou K, Nicolaou E, Vogazianos P, et al. Colon
stage (T3 and T4) and perineural invasion, which may cancer: From epidemiology to prevention. Metabolites.
indicate a role in tumor progression rather than initiation. 2022;12(6):499.
The study highlights the importance of conducting doi: 10.3390/metabo12060499
population-specific genetic research to enhance our
understanding of CRC risk in underrepresented groups. 3. Herlo LF, Dumache R, Duta C, et al. Colorectal cancer
Given the study’s limitations, including the sample risk prediction using the rs4939827 polymorphism of the
SMAD7 gene in the Romanian population. Diagnostics
size and the absence of functional validation, further (Basel). 2024;14(2):220.
investigations involving larger, well-powered cohorts, and
functional assays are needed to confirm these associations doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14020220
and elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying these 4. Wang H, Gu D, Yu M, et al. Variation rs9929218 and risk of
genetic variants. Future research should also explore how the colorectal cancer and adenomas: A meta-analysis. BMC
these SNPs interact with environmental and lifestyle factors Cancer. 2021;21(1):190.
to refine risk stratification and contribute to personalized doi: 10.1186/s12885-021-07871-z
screening and prevention strategies for CRC.
5. Zhu M, Wen X, Liu X, et al. Association between 8q24
Acknowledgments rs6983267 polymorphism and cancer susceptibility:
A meta-analysis involving 170,737 subjects. Oncotarget.
None. 2017;8(34):57421-57439.

Volume 4 Issue 2 (2025) 89 doi: 10.36922/TD025110021