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Artificial Intelligence in Health                                         New drug discovery in the AI era
































                               Figure 4. A brief history of artificial intelligence-driven drug discovery beginning 2017 – 2018



































                                        Figure 5. Artificial intelligence, its subsets, and respective tools

              Next-generation AI/ML tools, such as AIDDISON,   and geographical ethnicity differences in patient
            PREDICT,   MANTRA,      RoseTTAfold,  ESMFold,     population response (driven by physiological, genetic,
            OpenFold, ProGen, ProteinMPNN, EvoDiff, RFdiffusion,   and environmental factors) to administered NCEs. 24,35,36
            BioGPT, chatPandaGPT, enhance data quality and     Molecular docking tools, such as AutoDock 4, AutoDock
            prediction accuracy by integrating PK profiles, DDI,   Vina, DiffDock, Deep Docking, and DL-DockVS, dock
            off-target toxicity, chemical scaffold-driven toxicity,   a single ligand by evaluating different poses and atoms
            animal toxicity versus human primary culture toxicity,   in  parallel, reducing  computational  analysis  time. 37,38


            Volume 2 Issue 2 (2025)                         34                               doi: 10.36922/aih.4423
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