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Mhaske and Kumar

Z T rnd Z . T Z Z T rnd Z . T rnd. RUB. j
T
ij ,
best best l if rnd 0.. , 5 best best T

T
Z l T 1 tf A . Z T best Z , (XVII) R . LB 2
2
.
l
i, jj
rndZ ps 12 rnd. tf A. Z . T best
tf . A 2 .Z T l , if rnd 05 Z l T 1 ij , T
. ,

2 2 (XXV)
T RUB
.
T T max Z T rnd Z. T rnd. ij , j

A 1 (XVIII) best best T
T max R ..LB j . sf 2 T
ij ,
As per STI-TSA, Equation XVIII is converted, as Z l T 1 rnd rnd. T TF .Z best
1

shown in Equation XIX. 2 2 (XXVI)
T
T
T
T
2
T
Z l T 1 Z best rndZ . best Z . Z best Z  Z T best + Z best( rnd + () ) +  
T
2
tfA
tfA.
l
.
l

Z l T 1 tffA. 2 Z . l T  rnd. RUB j − − rnd. R . LB j  
.

ij,
ij ,
T
1

2 Z l T 1 Z best rndZ. T best rndZ. l T tf A. 2 Z . T best Z l T +  1 + rnd    =  T 2 T 



2
(XIX)  
Finally,  
 
   
T
2
tfA
Z T rnd Z . T rnd Z . Z T
.
.
Z l T 1 best best l best (XX) (XXVII)
2 Finally,
Furthermore, the update from the modified STO is
integrated with TSA to form a new update. The update T best rnd RUB j
.
T
2
ij ,
.
from the modified STO is shown in Equation XXIII. Z best Z tfA rnd. T

UB LB rnd. R . LB j j
ij ,
Z ps 12 Z R . j i , 12 N j, 12 B T
, ...
, ...
T 2
ij, ij, ij,
(XXI)
RUB. j R . LB j
i j,
ij ,
Z ps 12 Z (XXII)
ij, ij, T T
Z T 1
l
1 rnd
RUB. j R . LB j 2
Z Z ps 12 ij , i j, (XXIII)
ij, ij, (XXVIII)
T T
On substituting Equation XXIII in Equation XX, we Here, Equation XXVIII replaces Equation XVI.
get Equation XXVIII. On hybridizing TSA with SBO, faster convergence
could be attained and high-quality solutions could be
T
Z T best + rnd Z . best − rnd. created by including diverse optimizing approaches. In
 ps 12 RUB j R . LB  2 T addition, STI-TSA could balance both local and global
.
j
ij ,
i j ,
tf
  Z ij , − T + T  + () A. Z . best searches.
Z l T +1 =   The pseudocode for STI-TSA optimization is shown
2
(XXIV) in Algorithm 1.
Volume 22 Issue 1 (2025) 158 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025040017