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Treated wastewater for concrete mixing

sustainable water management practices. Continuous curing. Environ Dev Sustain. 2024;26:31657-31676.
water quality monitoring over a 3-year period confirms doi: 10.1007/s10668-024-04613-6
the reliability of the treated sewage water for industrial 2. Hamada HM, Shi J, Abed F, Al Jawahery MS, Majdi A,
uses. Concrete cubes mixed with secondary treated Yousif ST. Recycling solid waste to produce eco-friendly
wastewater demonstrated strength comparable to those ultra-high performance concrete: A review of durability,
mixed with potable water, suggesting its viability as microstructure and environment characteristics. Sci Total
Environ. 2023;876:162804-162804.
an alternative in concrete mixing. This strategy not doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162804
only conserves potable water but also encourages 3. Maroušek J, Maroušková A, Zoubek T, Bartoš P.
the reuse of treated wastewater, in line with broader Economic impacts of soil fertility degradation by traces
environmental sustainability goals. This practice could of iron from drinking water treatment. Environ Dev
result in water savings of approximately 85 L/1 cum of Sustain. 2021;24:1-10.
concrete, translating to a cost saving of approximately doi: 10.1007/s10668-021-01636-1
Rs 1,700/1,000 cum of concrete. This approach can play 4. Gokulanathan V, Arun K, Priyadharshini P. Fresh and
a crucial role in ensuring the availability of potable water hardened properties of five non-potable water mixed
for future generations, especially given the rising cost and cured concrete: A comprehensive review. Construct
associated with its treatment and distribution. Future Build Mater. 2021;309:125089.
doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.125089
research should prioritize the examination of the long- 5. Mangi SA, Makhija A, Raza MS, Khahro SH, Jhatial AA.
term durability and performance of concrete produced A Comprehensive Review on Effects of Seawater on
with treated sewage water to fully establish its suitability Engineering Properties of Concrete. California: Silicon
for widespread use in the construction industry. Publishing Inc.; 2020.
doi: 10.1007/s12633-020-00724-7
Acknowledgments 6. Maroušek J, Maroušková A. Economic considerations on
nutrient utilization in wastewater management. Energies.
None. 2021;14(12):3468.
doi: 10.3390/en14123468
Funding 7. Akbari M, Loganathan N, Tavakolian H, Mardani A,
Štreimikienė D. The dynamic effects of micro-structural
None. shocks on private investment behaviour. Acta Mont Slov.
2021;26(1):1-17.
doi: 10.46544/AMS.v26i1.01
Conflict of interest 8. Pavolová H, Bakalár T, Kyšeľa K, Klimek M, Hajduová Z,

Zawada M. The analysis of investment into industries based
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. on portfolio managers. Acta Mont Slov. 2021;(26):161-170.
doi: 10.46544/ams.v26i1.14
Author contributions 9. Varshney H, Khan RA, Khan IK. Sustainable use of
different wastewater in concrete construction: A review.
Conceptualization: All authors J Build Eng. 2021;41:102411.
Formal analysis: Jitin Vasudeva doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2021.10241
Investigation: Jitin Vasudeva 10. Hassani MS, Asadollahfardi G, Saghravani SF, Jafari S,
Methodology: All authors Peighambarzadeh FS. The difference in chloride ion
Writing – original draft: Jitin Vasudeva diffusion coefficient of concrete made with drinking
Writing – review & editing: All authors water and wastewater. Construct Build Mater.
2020;231:117182-117182.
doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117182
Availability of data 11. Govindarajan ND, None Anubama S, Arun N,
None Arun G. Utilization of reclaimed sewage water in
The data this article are available from the corresponding concrete. Int J Eng Res. 2020;9(2).
author upon reasonable request. doi: 10.17577/ijertv9is020347
12. Liu Y, Zhuge Y, Chow CW, et al. Utilization of drinking
References water treatment sludge in concrete paving blocks:
Microstructural analysis, durability and leaching
1. Micheal A, Salam HA. Reliability of using secondary properties. J Environ Manag. 2020;262:110352.
and tertiary treated wastewater in concrete mixing and doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110352

Volume 22 Issue 2 (2025) 123 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025060033