Page 126 - AJWEP-v22i2

Vasudeva, et al.

for cement production, particularly with respect to 2.5 mg/L, indicating minor seasonal variation. Overall,
environmental regulations and water quality standards. the data suggest a relatively stable nitrogen profile in
Mean BOD values ranged from a low of 6.78 mg/L treated sewage water, with only limited fluctuation.
in March to a high of 7.47 mg/L in May and June,
indicating moderate fluctuations in organic pollutant 3.3. Analysis of treated sewage water parameters
levels. Median BOD values followed a similar trend, (April – November 2023)
ranging from 7.00 mg/L in April and December to 3.3.1. pH
7.50 mg/L in June, July, October, and November, Figure 4 displays the monthly mean and median pH
suggesting a generally consistent trend with occasional values from April to November 2023. The pH values
peaks. show minor fluctuations throughout the period, generally
remaining close to neutral. In April, the mean and median
3.2.6. F. coli pH were 7.13 and 7.14, respectively. May showed a slight
Figure 9 shows the monthly mean and median of F. increase, with values of 7.14 (mean) and 7.15 (median).
coli concentrations from April 2022 – March 2023. In June, both the mean and median slightly declined to
These measurements are important for assessing 7.13 and 7.14, respectively, with July recording a mean
microbial contamination and determining whether of 7.07 and a median of 7.08, and August showing values
treated wastewater meets environmental and public of 7.07 (mean) and 7.09 (median). In September, both the
health standards for industrial reuse. The mean F. coli mean and median increased again to 7.13. This upward
count in April was 525 CFU/100 mL, with a median trend continued in October with mean and median values
of 510, indicating a moderate bacterial load. In May of 7.14 and 7.15, respectively. November recorded a
and June, the means decreased to 510 CFU/100 mL slight drop to 7.12 for both mean and median. Overall,
and 475 CFU/100 mL, respectively, indicating a the data indicate minor monthly variations in pH, with
temporary reduction in bacterial contamination. values consistently near neutral.
A slight increase occurred in July, followed by
relatively stable values in August (520 CFU/100 mL) 3.3.2. Temperature
and September (517.5 CFU/100 mL), with medians Figure 5 presents the monthly mean and median
consistently around 510 CFU/100 mL. October shows temperatures of treated sewage water from April to
a slight decrease, with a mean of 490 and a median November 2023. In April, the mean temperature was
of 475 CFU/100 mL. In contrast, November and 23.57°C, with a mean of 23.96°C. Temperatures rose in
December recorded increases, with mean values of May, reaching 25.16°C (mean) and 24.99°C (median),
507.5 and 565 CFU/100 mL, respectively. January and and continued to increase in June to 26.86°C and 26.73°C,
February showed the highest levels, with means of respectively. A slight decrease occurred in July, with
577.5 and 557.5 CFU/100 mL, and medians of 575 and temperatures of 26.24°C (mean) and 25.86°C (median).
555 CFU/100 mL, respectively – indicating elevated August showed mean and median temperatures of
bacterial contamination during winter. 25.92°C and 27.15°C, respectively, indicating an unusual
spike. September recorded a slight decline, with a mean
3.2.7. TKN of 25.33°C and a sharp decline in the median to 22.81°C.
Figure 10 provides the monthly mean and median October temperatures stabilized at 25.62°C (mean)
concentrations of TKN from April 2022 – March 2023. and 25.82°C (median). November recorded the highest
These values are relevant for assessing nitrogen levels temperatures of the period, with both mean and median at
in wastewater and its potential environmental impact 27.80°C. These data suggest fluctuations in temperature
when reused in cement production. TKN concentrations stability, particularly in August and September, where
remained relatively stable throughout the year, deviations from the overall trend were more pronounced.
generally ranging between 2.5 and 3.0 mg/L. The mean
values were consistently close to 3.0 mg/L from April 3.3.3. TSS
to November and again from December to March, Figure 6 presents the monthly mean and median
with slight decreases observed in January, February, values of TSS in treated sewage water from April
and March. Median TKN values followed a similar to November 2023. In April, the mean TSS was
trend, with TKN concentrations remaining around 16.96 mg/L, with a median of 17 mg/L. In May, the
3 mg/L for most of the year. However, in July, August, mean slightly decreased to 16.63 mg/L, while the
and September, the median values dropped slightly to median remained stable at 17 mg/L. June recorded

Volume 22 Issue 2 (2025) 120 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025060033