Page 128 - AJWEP-v22i2

Vasudeva, et al.

Table 2. Strength of concrete mixed with 100%
potable water

Characteristic strength After After
of concrete (N/mm ) 7 days 28 days
2
Cube no. 1 13.11 23.75
Cube no. 2 13.91 24.28
Cube no. 3 13.77 23.85

Figure 11. Characteristic strength of concrete mixed Table 3. Strength of concrete mixed with primary
with 100% potable water treated wastewater and potable water (60:40
ratio)
Characteristic strength After After
of concrete (N/mm ) 7 days 28 days
2
Cube no. 1 13.77 17.00
Cube no. 2 13.77 17.22
Cube no. 3 13.44 17.66

Table 4. Strength of concrete mixed with
secondary treated wastewater and potable water
(60:40 ratio)
Figure 12. Characteristic strength of concrete mixed
with primary treated wastewater and potable water Characteristic strength After After
2
(60:40 ratio) of concrete (N/mm ) 7 days 28 days
Cube no. 1 13.77 21.99
Cube no. 2 13.66 22.00
Cube no. 3 13.22 22.11

3.7. Economic consideration
According to the mix design for M-20 grade concrete,
approximately 142 L of water is required per 1 cubic meter
(cum) of concrete. The primary rationale for introducing
treated sewage water is to reduce the consumption of
potable water and promote sustainability. By replacing
Figure 13. Characteristic strength of concrete mixed 60% of the required water, approximately 85 L of
with secondary treated wastewater and potable potable water can be saved per 1 cum of concrete. As the
water (60:40 ratio) current commercial rate of Rs 20/1,000 L, this results
in a saving of Rs 1.70/cum. Therefore, for 1,000 cum
poured into a 150 mm cube mold and subsequently of concrete produced, 85 kL of potable water can be
subjected to a load test. To facilitate interpretation of the saved – resulting in a total cost saving of approximately
results, a bar chart was created (Figure 12 and Table 3). Rs 1,700. This approach not only supports economic
efficiency but also conserves vital freshwater resources
3.6. Concrete mixed with secondary treated for future generations, especially given the rising cost of
wastewater and potable water (60:40 ratio) water treatment and distribution.
Concrete cubes were prepared by mixing cement,
sand, aggregate, and a water blend consisting of 60% 4. Conclusion
secondary treated wastewater and 40% potable water.
The mixture was poured into 150 mm cube molds and The study showcases that treated sewage water from the
subjected to load testing. The results were visualized STP at Bambianwali can efficiently substitute potable
using a bar chart (Figure 13 and Table 4). water in concrete production, thereby supporting

Volume 22 Issue 2 (2025) 122 doi: 10.36922/AJWEP025060033