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Advanced Neurology Restless legs syndrome in end-stage renal disease patients

Table 3. Laboratory and clinical indicators data of hemodialysis patients with and without RLS
RLS Non‑RLS P‑value
Hemoglobin (g/dL) 105.34±15.12 101.86±17.32 0.2268
Hematocrit (%) 32.35±7. 12 33.65±6. 87 0.2655
Serum sodium (mmol/L) 134.24±13.68 137.15±10. 45 0.1168
Serum potassium (mmol/L) 4.46±0.72 4.53±0.68 0.5457
Serum magnesium (mmol/l) 1.15±0.24 1.12±0.21 0.4078
Serum phosphate (mmol/L) 4.46±0.72 4.53±0.68 0.5457
Serum calcium (mmol/L) 2.14±0.23 2.17±0.25 0.1515
Ca×P product (mg /dL ) 51.43±15.12 52.95±13.76 0.5192
2
2
Serum creatinine 785.36±248.85 790.78±243.61 0.8955
BUN (mmol/L) 24.86±8.34 23.12±9.61 0.2756
Serum albumin (g/dL) 38.74±3.15 39.53±4.82 0.3118
i-PTH (pg/mL) 312.45±246.87 326.87±231.62 0.7150
Serum β2-MG (g/dL) 21.56±6.73 22.14±7.34 0.6361
CRP (mg/L) 13.86±4.57 12.43±5.81 0.1348
Uric acid (µmol/L) 345.53±101.67 336.41±117.82 0.6407
Ferritin (µg/L) 386.86±254.31 374.93±267.87 0.7906
Transferrin saturation (%) 24.85±3.14 26.13±4.26 0.0667
Iron saturation (%) 25.44±10.07 24.26±9.91 0.4820
Iron (µmol/L) 51±24 53±21 0.5810
TIBC (µmol/L) 223.12±42.38 217.86±48.24 0.5118
Kt/V 1.41±0.21 1.46±0.23 0.1933
Dry weight (kg) 61.58±9.76 58.13±11.24 0.0651
Ultrafiltration volume (kg) 1.62±1.13 1.57±1.34 0.8215
Pre-dialysis mean systolic BP (mmHg) 138.4±12.8 136.7±15.4 0.4810
Pre-dialysis mean diastolic BP (mmHg) 88.7±7.3 85.7±10.1 0.3922
Post-dialysis mean systolic BP (mmHg) 135.5±10.2 132.4±12.3 0.1277
Pre-dialysis mean diatolic BP (mmHg) 78.3±6.9 75.7±8.5 0.0642
β2-MG: β2-microgloblin; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; CRP: C-reactive protein; i‑PTH: intact parathyroid hormone; RLS: Restless legs syndrome;
TIBC: Total iron binding capacity; Categorical variables are expressed as percentage while continuous variables are expressed as mean±standard
deviation. *P<0.05

to a worse quality of life. In this patient population, the to alleviate symptoms while also increasing sleep quality
severity of RLS during sleep has been connected to an and quantity [26-28,42] . Non-pharmacologic treatment
increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular (for example, exercise training) or iron deficiency repair,
illness and an increased risk of mortality [21-25] . RLS was common in ESRD, may be an effective therapy for people
linked to less peaceful nocturnal sleep, daily somnolence, with moderate or occasional symptoms. Pharmacologic
and excessive daytime drowsiness, which led to symptoms therapy, on the other hand, is frequently necessary for
of other sleep disorders, including insomnia, and lower individuals with more severe illnesses.
overall sleep quality. Cederberg discovered that anxiety Several limitations should be addressed when
was much worse in individuals with MS and RLS, as well interpreting our findings. The most significant disadvantage
as higher levels of weariness and fear, compared to patients of this study is the absence of metabolism gained from
without concomitant RLS, which is similar to those with information on pharmaceuticals other than those that
optic neuromyelitis . show the role of iron metabolism. Second, the sample
[26]
Iron has been utilized to treat RLS in the general size in this study is limited. Third, even after accounting
population. L-dopa and dopamine agonists are for confounding factors, we cannot rule out the potential
medications used to treat RLS [5,24,25] . RLS treatment aims that unmeasured factors may explain some of our findings.

Volume 2 Issue 1 (2023) 6 https://doi.org/10.36922/an.210