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Advanced Neurology                                                         Genomic insights into Alzheimer



            Remarkably, despite this correlation, epitope toxicity did not   3.   Dementia: Key Facts, 2022. Available from: https://www.
            exert a substantial influence on clinical outcomes.   who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia  [Last
                                                                  accessed on 2022 Dec 30].
              In essence, our findings underscore the significance of
            precise genetic mutation profiling within fAD subtypes. These   4.   Selkoe DJ, 2011, Alzheimer’s disease.  Cold Spring Harb
            insights have far-reaching implications for the development   Perspect Biol, 3: a004457.
            of tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, allowing for      https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a004457
            a more nuanced approach to the clinical management of fAD.   5.   Trambauer J, Fukumori A, Steiner H, 2020, Pathogenic
            Our research forms a crucial stepping stone in the ongoing   Aβ generation in familial Alzheimer’s disease: Novel
            quest to decipher the complex interplay between genetics,   mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.  Curr
            physicochemical properties, and clinical presentations in   Opin Neurobiol, 61: 73–81.
            neurodegenerative disorders like fAD.                 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2020.01.011

            Acknowledgments                                    6.   Marechal L, Campion D, Hannequin D, 2020, Familial forms
                                                                  of Alzheimer’s disease. Presse Med, 32: 756–763.
            None.
                                                               7.   Hoogmartens J, Cacace R, Van Broeckhoven C, 2021,
            Funding                                               Insight into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer’s disease:
                                                                  A  comprehensive  review  of the  role  of  rare  variants.
            None.                                                 Alzheimers Dement (Amst), 13: e12155.
            Conflict of interest                                  https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12155

            The authors declare that they have no competing interests.  8.   Jayne T, Newman M, Verdile G, et al., 2016, Evidence for and
                                                                  against a pathogenic role of reduced γ- secretase activity in
            Author contributions                                  familial Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis, 52: 781–799.
                                                                  https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-151186
            Conceptualization: Mourad Tayebi and Utpal K Adhikari
            Formal analysis: All authors                       9.   Patterson C, Feightner JW, Garcia A, et al., 2008, Diagnosis
            Investigation: Mourad Tayebi and Utpal K Adhikari     and treatment of dementia: 1. Risk assessment and primary
            Methodology: Georgia Uebergang                        prevention of Alzheimer disease. CMAJ, 178: 548–556.
            Writing – original draft: All authors                 https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.070796
            Writing – review and editing: Mourad Tayebi and Utpal K   10.  Li NM, Liu KF, Qiu YJ, et al., 2019, Mutations of beta-amyloid
               Adhikari                                           precursor protein alter the consequence of Alzheimer’s
                                                                  disease pathogenesis. Neural Regen Res, 14: 658–665.
            Ethics approval and consent to participate
                                                                  https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.247469
            Not applicable.
                                                               11.  Cai Y, An SSA, Kim S, 2015, Mutations in presenilin 2 and
            Consent for publication                               its implications in Alzheimer’s disease and other dementia-
                                                                  associated disorders. Clin Interv Aging, 10: 1163–1172.
            Not applicable.
                                                                  https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S85808
            Availability of data                               12.  Shea Y, Chu L, Chan A, et al., 2016, A systematic review of
                                                                  familial Alzheimer’s disease: Differences in presentation of
            Detailed results of our analyses are included in this article   clinical features among three mutated genes and potential
            and its additional files. The raw data supporting the   ethnic differences. J Formos Med Assoc, 115: 67–75.
            conclusions of this article will be made available by the
            authors without undue reservation.                    htps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2015.08.004
                                                               13.  Kasuga K, Kikuchi M, Tokutake T, et al., 2015, Systematic
            References                                            review and meta-analysis of Japanese familial Alzheimer’s
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            Volume 2 Issue 4 (2023)                         17                        https://doi.org/10.36922/an.1734
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