Page 131 - EER-2-1

Explora: Environment
and Resource Sustainable fertilization for long bean cultivation

root elongation and branching, which facilitated greater (96.66 cm) observed under the P2R2 treatment (3 kg quail
nutrient uptake. 17,20 In addition, the increased nitrogen manure per plot and 25 g natural phosphate per plant).
mineralization from quail manure decomposition provided In contrast, the control treatment (P0R0) produced the
a steady supply of essential nitrogen, which is crucial for shortest pods (60.66 cm). The enhanced pod length under
chlorophyll synthesis and overall vegetative growth. 33,44 the P2R2 treatment can be attributed to improved nutrient

These findings align with previous research by De Prato availability, particularly phosphorus, which is essential for
45
et al., who reported similar improvements in stem diameter cell elongation and pod development. The slow-release
43
in hemp crops when organic amendments were integrated nature of phosphorus in natural phosphate ensured a
with phosphorus-based fertilizers. Furthermore, the consistent supply of this critical nutrient throughout the pod
reduction in aluminum saturation (40% to 25%) observed growth phase. These results align with findings by Rahaman
30
in the soil analysis likely contributed to an improved et al., who demonstrated that phosphorus availability
root environment, minimizing toxicity and enhancing significantly increased pod elongation in legumes.
nutrient absorption efficiency. The effectiveness of the The number of pods per plant also increased
P2R2 treatment in improving plant growth parameters on significantly with the treatments. The P2R2 treatment
podzolic soils highlights its potential as a sustainable soil produced the highest number of pods (36.66/plant), while
amendment strategy. The integration of quail manure and the control recorded the lowest (12.00/plant). This increase
natural phosphate not only enhanced nutrient availability reflects the improved soil fertility and nutrient availability
but also improved soil physical properties, creating a more provided by the combined amendments, which supported
conducive environment for root development and nutrient robust reproductive growth. Organic matter supplied by
46
transport. The consistent superiority of the P2R2 treatment quail manure likely enhanced soil structure and microbial
across all measured growth parameters suggests that a activity, facilitating efficient nutrient uptake. These
13
balanced combination of organic matter and slow-release findings are consistent with those of Fekadu et al., who
46
phosphorus is essential for optimizing plant development reported significant increases in pod production of faba
in acidic, nutrient-deficient soils. bean with organic amendments.
3.3. Effect on yield components Pod weight per plant was the most significantly
The yield components of long beans, including pod length, impacted yield parameter, with the P2R2 treatment
number of pods per plant, and pod weight per plant, producing the highest weight (2850.66 g/plant) compared
exhibited significant improvements with the application to the control (802.33 g/plant). This substantial increase
of quail manure and natural phosphate fertilizers. highlights the effectiveness of integrating quail manure
The combination of these amendments consistently and natural phosphate fertilizers in enhancing nutrient
outperformed the control treatment across all measured availability, improving soil structure, and optimizing
parameters, as displayed in Table 1. The pod length varied resource allocation to reproductive growth. 41,47 The
significantly among treatments, with the longest pods high nutrient supply from these amendments likely
boosted photosynthetic efficiency, increased biomass
Table 1. Effect of treatments on yield components accumulation, and facilitated better assimilate partitioning
toward pod development. 44,48 The P2R2 treatment also
Treatment Pod length (cm) Number of Pod weight per resulted in the longest pods (96.66 cm) and the highest
pods per plant plant (g) number of pods per plant (36.66), indicating that the
P0R0 (Control) 60.66±1.50 a 12.00±1.00 a 802.33±20.00 a combined application of organic and phosphate fertilizers
P0R1 67.16±2.00 b 13.33±1.10 a,b 852.00±25.00 a not only promoted individual pod development but also
P0R2 67.66±1.80 b 16.33±1.50 b,c 859.00±30.00 a,b enhanced overall reproductive capacity. The increase in
P1R0 69.33±2.10 a 18.66±1.75 c 1021.66±35.00 b phosphorus availability from 8.3 to 18.7 mg/kg contributed
P1R1 76.50±2.50 b 23.00±2.00 d 1331.00±40.00 c to stronger root development, improved nutrient uptake,
P1R2 75.16±2.00 b 23.66±2.10 d 1442.00±45.00 c and enhanced energy metabolism, which are critical for
fruit formation and filling.
47
P2R0 78.33±2.50 b 25.66±2.20 d 1732.66±50.00 d
P2R1 84.33±2.80 b 31.00±2.50 e 2732.00±60.00 e The observed yield improvements may be directly
P2R2 96.66±3.00 c 36.66±2.80 f 2850.66±70.00 e linked to microbial activity, particularly phosphate-
solubilizing bacteria that facilitated the release of
Note: Values are presented as the mean±standard error (n=3). Different inorganic phosphorus from natural phosphate sources. 10,17
letters (a-f) indicate significant differences at P<0.05 according to
Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. Treatments sharing the same letter Furthermore, the enhanced nitrogen mineralization
are not significantly different from each other. improved nitrogen uptake, optimizing the synthesis of

Volume 2 Issue 1 (2025) 6 doi: 10.36922/eer.8348