Page 61 - EJMO-9-2

Eurasian Journal of
Medicine and Oncology TCM regulates gut microbiota in pediatric MP pneumonia

Figure 9. Radial bar chart depicting the frequency of each traditional Chinese medicinal herb. Each study utilized only one herb, and the frequency of an
herb represents the number of studies in which it was included.

autoimmunity. In addition, B. bifidum has been shown Dabanxia, and Xuan Bai Cheng Qi Tang, have shown
32
to effectively repair mucosal barriers. It also plays a effectiveness. 40
crucial role in the repair of mucosal barriers by inhibiting
the colonization and growth of harmful bacteria and 4.2.1. Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory
promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria. effects of Chinese medicines
Cytokine levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, IL-6,
4.2. Analysis of potential mechanisms
IL-1β, IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-10 were significantly elevated in
The symptoms of MPP in TCM are categorized as both mild and severe cases of childhood MPP, particularly
“pneumonia with wheezing and coughing,” a term in those with severe disease. This phenomenon is
45
first appearing in The Ma Ke Living People Book, which associated with the recognition of M. pneumoniae lipid-
states: “wheezing without phlegm, and nasal instigators.” associated membrane proteins by Toll-like receptor 4
TCM diagnoses and treatments are divided into various (TLR4), which triggers a myeloid differentiation primary
patterns, including wind-cold impeding the lung, wind- response gene 88-dependent signaling pathway. This
heat impeding the lung, phlegm-heat impeding the lung, pathway further activates the phosphatidylinositol
toxic-heat impeding the lung, lung yin deficiency, and 3-kinase- protein kinase B (Akt), mitogen-activated
lung and spleen qi deficiency. According to the TCM protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor kappa-B
44
theory that “the lung and the large intestine are mutually (NF-κB) signaling pathways, resulting in the release of
exclusive,” clinical treatments often aim to promote lung inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6.
function and support the passage of internal organs, using TNF-α disrupts immune homeostasis by enhancing
methods such as the descending reverse cough technique. Th1 cell function while suppressing Th2 cell function.46
Commonly used formulas, such as Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang, IL-647exacerbates inflammatory responses by promoting

Volume 9 Issue 2 (2025) 53 doi: 10.36922/ejmo.8602