Page 62 - GHES-2-3

Global Health Economics and
Sustainability
Emotional skills and burnout

Soares (2014) studied the relationship between EI and organizations in Portugal with the aim of investigating the
burnout among undergraduate and master’s students effect of burnout on suicidal behavior and the mediating
at a Portuguese university and found a strong negative effect of self-esteem on this relationship. They concluded
relationship between EI and academic effectiveness. that these professionals show a high level of burnout
Fiorilli et al. (2020) also assessed the role that EI plays in and that exhaustion and disengagement positively and
preventing school burnout and concluded that students significantly affect suicidal behavior.
with a higher level of EI were less likely to experience Many studies on these concepts have been carried
school anxiety, more resilient, and consequently at a lower out, but few have looked at the relationship between
risk of school burnout. In 2021, Gaspar carried out a study them. This study was developed in response to this gap.
with 392 student-workers and found that high levels of EI Given the current context of crises (i.e., pandemic, war,
have positive implications in the work context, specifically economic crisis, etc.) in which we live and whose threats
greater job satisfaction, happiness and occupational well- and risks affect our daily lives, we tried to understand how
being, better professional performance, high problem- the perception of EI and Rs are correlated to burnout of a
solving capacity and control in high-stress situations, sample of Portuguese individuals aged 16 or over and with
showing a lower predisposition to BS. Thus, workers with at least a third-level education. Based on the literature, a
high levels of EI are more able to understand the causes hypothesis was formulated: the higher the perception of
of their stress and mobilize strategies that allow them EI and Rs, the lower the perception of occupational stress.
to cope better with these situations, thus reducing the In this way, the study is relevant for understanding how
negative consequences of stress. Villanueva et al. (2022), in the concepts are related and for being able to provide
a study with pre-adolescents, confirmed that when EI and theoretical and practical guidelines for intervention,
self-esteem traits are high and stress traits are low, there is to design and implement actions aimed at promoting
more satisfaction with life and fewer physical complaints. the perception of well-being and reducing the costs that
Geraci et al. (2023) investigated EI, burnout, commitment occupational stress and burnout brings to the individual,
to work and self-efficacy during the remote teaching the company/institution and to health, both general and
period caused by the COVID-19 lockdown and concluded economic, reducing the so-called indirect costs. In this
that there were negative effects of the pandemic on self- context, the results of this study also represent an essential
efficacy, commitment to work, and burnout in teachers, variable for future fields of research, particularly on the
with the latter varying according to their levels of EI, role of EI and Rs in preventing burnout in Portuguese
showing that EI can characterize the way teachers face the individuals.
different stressful challenges they confront on a daily basis.
As for the relationship between burnout and Rs, Augusto- 2. Materials and methods
Landa et al. (2022) studied how EI affects levels of stress,
anxiety, depression, and coping strategies in university 2.1. Sampling procedure and study participants
students and found that there is a relationship between This study was carried out on Portuguese individuals aged
EI and levels of anxiety, depression, and stress, as well as 16 or over and with at least a third-level education (inclusion
an influence of EI on the use of adapted coping strategies. criteria). The individuals were selected for convenience.
Furthermore, Ogunsanwo & Bukki (2023), in their study An online questionnaire survey was drawn up using the
among university students, found negative correlations Google Forms program, which was then shared on social
between academic stress and EI, and positive ones networks, sent through email, and distributed in paper
between academic stress and Rs. Other studies, on social format, to participants for anonymous self-completion,
and health professionals, reached the similar conclusions. between January and March 2023. Informed consent
Ferreira, in 2022, found high levels of stress and emotional (drawn up in accordance with the Personal Data Protection
fragilities in these professionals that impacted on their Act – Law no. 58/2019 of August 8 – and respecting ethical
professional practices (Ferreira, 2022). Furthermore, standards and guidelines) was obtained, and permission
according to a study by Freitas et al. (2023) carried out in was sought from the participants. Regarding the procedure
Portugal with 603 individuals, occupational stress has a for administering the questionnaire online, all individuals
significantly positive effect on turnover plans, and burnout who read the study on social media and contacted the team
mediates this relationship. According to these authors, by email were sent an informed consent form. After the
the most critical dimensions of occupational stress are teams received the signed informed consent, the link of
work overload, stress caused by managers and career and Google Forms was sent. Informed consent was reiterated on
remuneration. In addition, Jesus et al. (2023) studied 1172 the Google Forms. Several institutions volunteered to take
health professionals working in public and private sector part in the procedure for administering the questionnaire

Volume 2 Issue 3 (2024) 3 https://doi.org/10.36922/ghes.2738