Page 44 - GTM-1-2

Global Translational Medicine Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 2. Comparison of the characteristics of tumor between HCC patients with and without cirrhosis
Variables HCC without cirrhosis HCC with cirrhosis P‑value
(n=193) (n=894)
Age (year) 50.35±12.39 52.12±10.70 0.066
Male, n (%) 170 (88.1) 776 (86.8) 0.631
Alanine transaminase (U/L) 39.0 (26.0, 65.5) 44.0 (30.0, 72.0) 0.003
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) 47.0 (29.0, 81.7) 54.0 (35.0, 95.0) 0.015
Albumin (g/L) 39.0 (35.0, 42.1) 37.0 (32.2, 40.0) <0.001
Globulin (g/L) 28.7 (26.0, 32.7) 30.0 (26.0, 34.0) 0.159
Total Bilirubin (umol/L) 15.9 (11.7, 20.4) 18.4 (12.9, 28.9) <0.001
Tumor size* (cm) 7.9 (4.0, 11.9) 5.9 (3.0, 10.0) <0.001
Distribution of tumor size*, n (%) 0.035
≤5 cm 71 (36.8) 403 (45.1) -
>5 cm 122 (63.2) 491 (54.9) -
Number of tumors, n (%) 0.195
1 143 (74.1) 646 (72.3) -
2 – 3 12 (6.2) 92 (10.3) -
>3 38 (19.7) 156 (17.4) -
Vascular invasion, n (%) 0.004
Yes 45 (23.3) 305 (34.1) -
No 148 (76.7) 589 (65.9) -
Vascular invasion or extrahepatic metastases, n (%) 0.012
Yes 52 (26.9) 326 (36.5) -
No 141 (73.1) 568 (63.5) -
Age is expressed as mean±standard deviation, and tumor size is expressed as median and interquartile range. *Tumor size indicates the maximum
diameter of the tumor. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma

3.3. Vascular invasion and extrahepatic metastases
in patients with different severity of cirrhosis
We also analyzed the rate of vascular invasion and
extrahepatic metastases in these patients. As a result, in
the first cohort, there were no differences in the rate of
tumor vascular invasion among HCC patients without
cirrhosis, with cirrhosis + Laennec stage 4A, and with
cirrhosis + Laennec stage 4B/C (5.2% vs. 1.3% vs. 7.7%,
P = 0.112). In the second cohort, a significantly higher
rate of vascular invasion of HCC (34.1% vs. 23.3%,
P = 0.004), and vascular invasion and/or extrahepatic
metastases (36.5% vs. 26.9%, P = 0.012) were observed
in HCC patients with cirrhosis compared to those
without cirrhosis (Table 2). Specifically, patients with
decompensated cirrhosis had the highest rate of vascular
invasion and/or extrahepatic metastases (53.0%,
196/370), followed by patients with non-cirrhosis
patients (26.9%, 52/193) and compensated cirrhosis
(24.8%, 130/524) (P < 0.001) (Table 3). Figure 1. Study subjects enrollment and analysis flow chart.

Volume 1 Issue 2 (2022) 4 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.v1i2.94