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Global Translational Medicine Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma

vascular invasion and/or extrahepatic metastases should hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B. J Hepatol,
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current controversies regarding the role of liver cirrhosis in https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.023
HCC and may raise more heated discussions on this topic.
Prospective and mechanism-related studies are needed 4. Lok AS, Seeff LB, Morgan TR, et al., 2009, Incidence of
hepatocellular carcinoma and associated risk factors in
to further clarify the effects of fibrosis and cirrhosis on hepatitis C-related advanced liver disease. Gastroenterology,
HCC development and progression as these aspects would 136: 138–148.
provide valuable insights into the development of anti-
fibrotic therapy as HCC treatment. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2008.09.014
5. Zhang DY, Friedman SL, 2012, Fibrosis-dependent mechanisms
Acknowledgments of hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatology, 56: 769–775.
We thank Prof. Zhiliang Gao and Prof. Bo Hu (The https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.25670
Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 6. Massarweh NN, El-Serag HB, 2017, Epidemiology
Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, China), Prof. Yuemin of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic
Nan (Third Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Control, 24: 1073274817729245.
Shijiazhuang, China), and Prof. Junhui Chen (Peking
University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China) for their https://doi.org/10.1177/1073274817729245
support and help in acquisition of clinical data. 7. Idilman R, De Maria N, Colantoni A, et al., 1998,
Pathogenesis of hepatitis B and C-induced hepatocellular
Funding carcinoma. J Viral Hepatitis, 5: 285–299.
This study was supported by the National S and T Major https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2893.1998.00116.x
Project for Infectious Diseases (No. 2017ZX10202202) 8. Chayanupatkul M, Omino R, Mittal S, et al., 2017,
and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of cirrhosis in
(No. 81572366). patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol,
66: 355–362.
Conflict of interest
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2016.09.013
The authors declared no conflict of interest related to this
article. 9. Garrido A, Djouder N, 2021, Cirrhosis: A questioned risk
factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Trends Cancer, 7: 29–36.
Author contributions https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trecan.2020.08.005
Conceptualization: Xiangmei Chen, Fengmin Lu 10. Zhu M, Lu T, Jia Y, et al., 2019, Somatic mutations increase
Data curation: Xiangjun Qian, Jingmin Zhao hepatic clonal fitness and regeneration in chronic liver
Formal analysis: Yanna Liu, Xiangjun Qian disease. Cell, 177: 608–621.e612.
Writing – original draft: Yanna Liu, Xiangjun Qian https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.026
Writing – review and editing: Congying Wu, Weidong Pan, 11. Chen YL, Ko CJ, Chien SY, et al., 2011, Tumor size as
Jingmin Zhao, Xiangmei Chen, Fengmin Lu a prognostic factor in resected small hepatocellular
All authors of this research have approved the final version carcinoma: A controversy revisited. J Gastroenterol Hepatol,
of the article. 26: 851–857.

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