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Global Translational Medicine Reproductive hormones and muscle in obesity

against obesity-related hypogonadism. Moreover, the Acknowledgments
localized hormonal synthesis in female rats compensates
for the low serum testosterone concentrations in the blood None.
under normal conditions. Taken together, the localized Funding
hormonal synthesis stimulates functional muscle activity
in both male and female rats. The work was supported by the State Program for Scientific
Research (No.:4.1.1.5) of the National Academy of Sciences
In obese male rats, we hypothesized several factors that of Belarus.
could decrease muscle mass and muscle fiber area, including
insulin resistance, inability to adapt to excessive energy Conflict of interest
substrates, and decreased serum testosterone levels. In
contrast, the decrease in muscle mass and muscle fiber area in The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
female rats could be affected by increasing interstitial edema,
decreased metabolic processes, and more pronounced Author contributions
oxidative stress associated with insufficient SOD activity. 28 Conceptualization: Tatyana A. Mityukova
Formal analysis: Anastasia A. Basalai, Olga Y. Poluliakh,
5. Conclusion Tatyana E. Kuznetsova

A 16-week HCD leads to visceral obesity in male and Investigation: Anastasia A. Basalai, Olga Y. Poluliakh,
female rats. Blood biochemical analyses demonstrated Tatyana E. Kuznetsova
biochemical changes associated with liver and pancreatic Methodology: All authors
dysfunction in obese male and female rats. Obese male Writing – original draft: Tatyana A. Mityukova
rats displayed a significant decrease in serum testosterone Writing – review & editing: All authors
levels, whereas obese female rats displayed hormonal
imbalance toward hyperandrogenism and increased blood Ethics approval and consent to participate
corticosterone levels. This study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the
In addition, the decrease in musculus triceps surae mass Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences
was most pronounced in obese male rats. The structure of of Belarus (protocols No.:1 on January 22, 2021, and No.:2
the musculus triceps surae revealed changes in the form on February 2, 2022) and conducted in accordance with
of edema, lysis of contractile elements, inflammatory the guidelines set forth by the European Convention for
infiltration, and lipid inclusions in obese male and female the Protection of Vertebrate Animals (ETS No. 123).
rats, but the effects were more pronounced in obese female
rats. Likewise, the cross-sectional area of the muscle fibers Consent for publication
was reduced and the total edema area was increased in Not applicable.
both obese male and female rats.
In obese male rats, an increase in energy substrates and Availability of data
glycolysis in muscle tissue were observed. In comparison, The datasets used and/or analyzed during the present
obese female rats reported a decrease in metabolic study are available from the Institute of Physiology of the
processes and a significant increase in oxidative stress in National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, upon reasonable
the muscle tissue. and justifiable request in accordance with the rules and
Our findings also reported unchanged levels of procedures of the Institute of Physiology of the National
testosterone and estradiol in muscle tissue of male rats Academy of Sciences of Belarus (https://physiology.by/or
regardless of the diet, whereas the level of estradiol in biblio@fizio.bas-net.by).
muscle tissue of obese female rats significantly increased References
compared to the female rats of the control group.
Taken together, this study evaluated the relationship 1. WHO. Report Highlights the Dangers of Obesity. Available
between reproductive hormones and muscle condition in from: https://www.hps.scot.nhs.uk/publications/hps-weekly-
report/volume-56/issue-18/who-report-highlights-the-
obese male and female rats, and the findings demonstrated dangers-of-obesity [Last accessed on 2023 Sep 05].
that the changes in the muscle tissues of obese male and
female rats were more closely associated with metabolic 2. Lainez NM, Coss D. Obesity, neuroinflammation, and
disorders and increased lipid peroxidation in the muscle reproductive function. Endocrinology. 2019;60:2719-2736.
tissues instead of anabolic hormones. doi: 10.1210/en.2019-00487

Volume 3 Issue 1 (2024) 7 https://doi.org/10.36922/gtm.2321