Page 109 - GTM-3-4

Global Translational Medicine

BRIEF REPORT
Influence of neodymium-doped yttrium

aluminum garnet laser exposure time on cytokine
secretion in lipopolysaccharide-challenged rat

peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Sarah M. Vargas 1 , Michael A. Washington , Megan E. Bunting 3 ,
2
Rachel J. Duval 4 , Claudia P. Millan 3 , Kimberly Ann Inouye 3 ,
3
Adam R. Lincicum 3 , Brian W. Stancoven 3 , and Thomas M. Johnson *
1 Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Postgraduate Dental College,
Uniformed Services University, Fort Liberty, NC, United States of America
2 Department of Clinical Investigation, Dwight David Eisenhower Army Medical Center, Fort
Eisenhower, GA, United States of America
3 Department of Periodontics, Army Postgraduate Dental School, Postgraduate Dental College,
Uniformed Services University, Fort Eisenhower, GA, United States of America
4 Department of Periodontics, United States Army Dental Activity, Fort Liberty, NC, United States of
America
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Soft and Hard Tissues Reconstruction in Dentistry)

Abstract

Multiple investigators have suggested that infrared laser energy facilitates hard and
soft tissue wound healing through various mechanisms, including the suppression
*Corresponding author: of inflammation. This study investigated the influence of neodymium-doped yttrium
Thomas M. Johnson aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser exposure time on pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine
(thomas.m.johnson34.mil@health.mil) concentrations in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rat peripheral blood mononuclear
Citation: Vargas SM, cells (PBMCs). Cultured rat PBMCs were stimulated with various LPS concentrations
Washington AM, Bunting ME, et al. (0, 10, 100, or 1000 ng/mL) and treated with Nd:YAG laser irradiation for 0 (control), 30,
Influence of neodymium-doped
yttrium aluminum garnet laser 45, or 60 s. For these experiments, the average power, pulse duration, and repetition
exposure time on cytokine secretion rate remained constant at 5 W, 100 µs, and 20 Hz, respectively. Luminex magnetic
in lipopolysaccharide-challenged rat microsphere immunoassays were used to compare the secretion of 27 inflammatory
peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Global Transl Med. 2024:3(4):4433. mediators from LPS-stimulated PBMCs in laser-irradiated versus control groups. Two-way
doi: 10.36922/gtm.4433 analysis of variance was used to compare the main effects of laser exposure time and
Received: August 3, 2024 LPS concentration on cytokine/chemokine concentrations and evaluate the potential
Accepted: October 23, 2024 interaction between these factors. Four pro-inflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis
Published Online: November 15, factor-α, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, MIP-2, and interferon gamma-
2024 induced protein-10 – exhibited a trend of reduced secretion in laser-irradiated cultures.
Copyright: © 2024 Author(s). The effect appeared more pronounced at longer exposure times (45 and 60 s). However,
This is an Open-Access article none of the 27 inflammatory mediators exhibited statistically significant reductions in
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution concentrations in laser-irradiated cultures versus control cultures. These observations do
License, permitting distribution, not support a robust anti-inflammatory effect of Nd:YAG laser irradiation. Further studies
and reproduction in any medium, should explore the potential impact of Nd:YAG laser irradiation on cytotoxicity and cellular
provided the original work is
properly cited. growth kinetics and extend across a range of irradiation parameters and cell types.
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
Publishing remains neutral with Keywords: Lasers; Leukocytes; Mononuclear; Inflammation; Cytokines; Low-level light
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional therapy; Lipopolysaccharide
affiliations.

Volume 3 Issue 4 (2024) 1 doi: 10.36922/gtm.4433