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International Journal of AI
            for Material and Design                                               Integrating physics data for DL in DED




            Table 5. Discretized parameter level for augmentation of   11, 13, and 19 were identified as outliers (Figure  15).
            simulation data                                    Furthermore, in the testing experimental dataset, samples
                                                               8, 15, and 32 were identified as outliers (Figure  16). In
            Input parameters            Levels                 summary, the outlier analysis pinpointed specific samples
            LP (W)          1400  1500   1600   1700   1800    that deviated significantly from the majority within each
            SS (mm/min)     2000  2250   2500   2750   3000    dataset – augmented simulation, simulation, experimental,
            PMFR (g/min)     16    17     18     19    20      and testing experimental data. These deviations have
            Sulfur content (wt%)  0.0005  0.004125  0.00775  0.011375 0.015  the potential to affect the performance and accuracy of
            Abbreviations: LP: Laser power, PMFR: Powder mass flow rate,    predictive models trained on this data. Therefore, careful
            SS: Scanning speed.                                consideration is warranted to determine whether these

















            Figure 6. Data augmentation process adapted from Chen et al. .
                                                    32
            Abbreviation: RSM: Response surface methodology.






































            Figure 7. Correlation analysis of augmented simulation data.





            Volume 1 Issue 1 (2024)                         51                      https://doi.org/10.36922/ijamd.2355
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