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International Journal of Bioprinting G40T60@WNT5A promotes osteoblast differentiation

and calcium silicate scaffolds co-cultured with HUVECs Funding
and BMSCs. 80
This study was supported by Hebei Provincial Health and
5. Conclusion Health Commission Key Science and Technology Research
Program (20210120, 20221202), Hebei Provincial Department
WNT5A is a positive regulatory factor in osteoblast of Finance Funding for Prevention and Treatment of Geriatric
differentiation and angiogenesis. In this study, the Diseases, and 2022 Government-funded Clinical Medicine
degradable G40T60 scaffolds loaded with WNT5A were Excellence Training Program Leader Project.
prepared based on Masquelet technique and using 3D
printing, and we showed that they could promote the Conflict of interest
formation of induced membranes and thus facilitate The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
osteoblast differentiation and angiogenesis in CTO&BD
rats (Figure 10). This study proposes a new method for Author contributions
treating CTO&BD. The degradable G40T60@WNT5A
scaffold we constructed using 3D printing based on Conceptualization: Tao Zhang
the Masquelet technique successfully promoted the Data curation: Tao Zhang
Formal analysis: Xinhui Wang
differentiation of osteoblasts and neovascularization in Investigation: Rongkang Guo
rats. This research provides a new perspective for treating Methodology: Tianhua Dong, Fan Liu
chronic bone defects and has significant clinical relevance Visualization: Rongkang Guo, Xinhui Wang
by effectively improving the quality of life for patients. Writing – original draft: Fan Liu, Chaohan Wu
However, several limitations of this study should be Writing – review & editing: Tao Zhang, Fan Liu
acknowledged. Firstly, the experiments were conducted
only in a rat model, and thus, further investigations Ethics approval and consent to participate
are required for corroborating the clinical application Peripheral blood samples were collected with the approval
of the scaffolds in humans. Secondly, due to cost and of the Ethics Committee of the Third Hospital of Hebei
technological limitations, a degradable scaffold was used in Medical University (Ethics Committee number: Ke-2022-
this study, and the degradation rate and biocompatibility 104-1). All animal experiments have been approved by
of the material need further optimization. In addition, the Animal Ethics Committee of the Third Hospital of
CTO&BD is typically a chronic inflammatory process Hebei Medical University (No. KSD2022-033-1), and all
accompanied by bone destruction caused by bacterial animal experiments in this study comply with the local
infection; therefore, the antimicrobial properties of the principles for the management and use of experimental
G40T60@WNT5A scaffold should also be evaluated. animals. Subjects obtained their informed consent prior to
Furthermore, this study requires further investigations participation in this study.
into the specific mechanisms behind the role of WNT5A
gene in osteoblast differentiation and neovascularization, Consent for publication
as well as its interactions with other related factors. In Consent for publication was obtained from the participants.
future, it is necessary to further refine the treatment plan
adopted in this study by optimizing degradation rate, Availability of data
improving biocompatibility of the scaffold material, and
strengthening antimicrobial properties of the scaffold. The data that support the findings of this study are available
Additionally, more genes and molecular mechanisms on request from the corresponding author.
related to the development of CTO&BD, which have References
implications on the treatment, should be identified.

In summary, this study offers new directions to improve 1. Montanaro L, Speziale P, Campoccia D, et al. Scenery
the treatment strategies for CTO&BD patients. Besides, of Staphylococcus implant infections in orthopedics.
the scaffolds we fabricated in this work will find broader Future Microbiol. 2011;6(11):1329-1349.
doi: 10.2217/fmb.11.117
applications in the field of orthopedics.
2. Claro T, Widaa A, O’Seaghdha M, et al. Staphylococcus
Acknowledgments aureus protein A binds to osteoblasts and triggers signals that
weaken bone in osteomyelitis. PLoS One. 2011;6(4):e18748.
None. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018748

Volume 10 Issue 2 (2024) 245 doi: 10.36922/ijb.1461