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International Journal of Bioprinting 3D bioscaffolds with SR1 for vasculogenesis

Figure 2. Schematic illustration of the experimental process. (A) StemRegenin-1 (SR1)-laden nanoparticle and collagen were applied to produce bioink
which was used to prepare collagen scaffold using a 3D bioprinting system. (B) Outline of the operation and main expected effects of surgery. Abbreviation:
SNP, SR1-laden nanoparticle.

groups at both the 2- and 4-week post-implantation time NP@Sc groups. These results not only reinforce the
points. At 2 weeks after implantation, the area of newly significant role of SR1 in enhancing bone regeneration but
formed bone was approximately five times larger in the also emphasize the sustained and increasingly beneficial
SNP@Sc group (11.29 ± 1.72 mm²) than in the CT group effects over time.
and nearly 4.5 times larger than in the NP@Sc group.
Similarly, at 4 weeks after implantation, the newly formed 3.4.3. Immunofluorescence staining
bone in SNP@Sc group accounted for 29.75 ± 4.25 mm², Immunofluorescence staining was performed on the
which was approximately twice the area of the CT and paraffin-sectioned slides to analyze CD31 and α-SMA

Volume 10 Issue 3 (2024) 268 doi: 10.36922/ijb.1931