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International Journal of Bioprinting PCL/Fe3O4@ZIF-8 for infected bone repair

Figure 9. Immunofluorescence staining of β-catenin and RUNX2. (A) Typical images of β-catenin and RUNX2 staining observed by fluorescence
microscopy (scale bar = 500 µm). (B) Typical images of H&E staining at the same sites as stained by means of immunofluorescence staining
(scale bar = 500 µm). (C, D) Percentage of area of fluorescence-stained bone for different groups (n = 3, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01). Nuclei were stained by
DAPI in blue, β-catenin was stained in red, and RUNX2 was stained in green.

regenerated bone in infected bone defect in vivo. Therefore, many composite materials containing ZIF-8 were also
PCL/10%Fe O @ZIF-8 scaffolds may serve as a promising found to possess good antibacterial activities. Yang et al.
4
3
bone substitute in infected bone defect treatment. constructed a co-dispersed nanosystem with chemical–
photothermal function through the in situ growth of
In the process of repairing infected bone defects, ZIF-8 on graphene oxide nanoparticles and found that
controlling bacterial infection is a prerequisite of promoting this nanosystem exerts efficient bacteriostatic effect.
44
new bone formation. In this study, we found that PCL/ The antibacterial nanoparticles were integrated into poly-
Fe O @ZIF-8 scaffolds had excellent antibacterial activities. l-lactic acid scaffold, which had a high antibacterial rate
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3
In vitro antibacterial results showed that the antibacterial of 85% against S. aureus and E. coli. Zhang et al. prepared
adhesion and bacteriostatic ability of PCL/Fe O @ZIF- a titanium carbide (MXene)/ZIF-8/polylactic acid (PLA)
3
4
8 were significantly enhanced with the concentration composite membrane by electrospinning and found
of Fe O @ZIF-8 nanoparticles. The in vivo skull defect that this material had a bactericidal rate of more than
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3
and subcutaneous implantation infection experiments 99.0%. The antibacterial effects of these composites were
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also found that lower IL-6 and TNF-α expression, less attributed to continuous Zn released byZIF-8, formed by

2+
bone erosion, less inflammatory cell infiltration, and less the ligand 2-methylimidazole and metal ion Zn , which
2+
bacterial contamination were observed in the treatment is recognized as a reservoir for zinc ions. 16,44 The positive
using PCL/10%Fe O @ZIF-8 scaffolds. In previous studies, charged Zn easily bound to the outer layer of negatively
2+
3 4
Volume 10 Issue 4 (2024) 313 doi: 10.36922/ijb.2271