Page 366 - IJB-10-4

International Journal of Bioprinting 3D-printed PEEK in cranioplasty

Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the subjects
Characteristic 3DP-PEEK (n = 22) Autologous bone (n = 22) Titanium mesh (n = 22) P value
Gender
Female 9 (40.9%) 8 (36.4%) 16 (72.7%) 0.627
Male 13 (59.1%) 14 (63.6%) 6 (27.3%)
Mean age (years) 46.0 ± 17.1 46.8 ± 14.5 49.0 ± 14.3 0.918
Craniectomy
TBI 14 (63.6%) 14 (63.6%) 17 (77.3)
AIS 1 (4.6%) 2(9.1%) 0 (0%) 0.168
ICH 2 (9.1%) 3 (13.7%) 3 (13.7%)
aSAH 1 (4.6%) 3 (13.7%) 2 (9.1%)
Others 4 (18.9%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Skull defect site
Left 9 (40.9%) 6 (27.3%) 10 (45.5%)
Right 12 (54.5%) 16 (72.7%) 12 (54.5%) 0.428
Bilateral 1 (4.6%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Others 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Median GCS on admission 15 (7.75–15) 15 (14.25–15) 15 (12.25–15) 0.294
Median mRS on admission 2.5 (0.25–5) 3 (1.25–4) 3.5 (2–4) 0.634
Abbreviations: 3DP-PEEK: Three-dimensional-printed poly-ether-ether-ketone; AIS: Acute ischemic stroke; aSAH: Aneurysmal subarachnoid
hemorrhage; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; ICH: Intracerebral hemorrhage; mRS: Modified Rankin Scale; TBI: Traumatic brain injury.

Table 2. Postoperative characteristics of the subjects

Characteristic 3DP-PEEK (n = 22) Autologous bone (n = 22) Titanium mesh (n = 22) P value
Surgical duration (min) 177.7 ± 56.5 151.7 ± 63.7 151.8 ± 30.0 0.184
Postoperative hospitalization (d) 17.5 ± 7.9 13.8 ± 6.2 19.3 ± 13.4 0.183
GOS at discharge, median 3 (2.5–5) 3 (3-4) 3 (3–4.75) 0.884
mRS at discharge, median 3.5 (1–5) 3 (2.25–4) 3 (2–4) 0.968
1 M GOS at discharge, median 3 (2.5–5) 3 (3–4) 3 (3–4.75) 0.883
1 M mRS at discharge, median 3.5 (1–5) 3 (2.25–4) 3 (2–4) 0.958
3 M GOS at discharge, median 3 (2.5–5) 3 (3–4) 3 (3–4.75) 0.962
3 M mRS at discharge, median 2.5 (1–5) 3 (2–4) 3 (2–4) 0.894
6 M GOS at discharge, median 4 (3–5) 3 (3–4) 3 (3–5) 0.783
6 M mRS at discharge, median 2 (1–5) 3 (2–3.75) 3 (2–4) 0.772
Death during hospitalization 1 (4.6%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0.719
Complications
Infection 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Wound infection 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) /
Intracranial infection 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Pneumocephalus 1 (4.6%) 1 (4.6%) 1 (4.6%) 1.000
Effusion 6 (27.3%) 5 (22.7%) 2 (9.1%)
Subcutaneous effusion 2 (9.1%) 1 (4.5%) 1 (4.5%) 0.288
Epidural effusion 1 (4.5%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Subdural effusion 3 (13.6%) 4 (18.2%) 1 (4.5%)
Hemorrhage 2 (9.1%) 2 (9.1%) 0 (0%)
Intracranial bleeding 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0.376
Epidural hematoma 1 (4.5%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Subdural hematoma 1 (4.5%) 2 (9.1%) 0 (0%)
Epilepsy 0 (0%) 2 (9.1%) 0 (0%) 0.351
Implant failure 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) /
Abbreviations: 3DP-PEEK: Three-dimensional-printed poly-ether-ether-ketone; GOS: Glasgow Outcome Scale; mRS: Modified Rankin Scale.

Volume 10 Issue 4 (2024) 358 doi: 10.36922/ijb.2583