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International Journal of Bioprinting 3D printed hydrogels for tumor therapy

Figure 3. Characterization of GelMAH and GelMAL. (A) H NMR spectra of Gel, GelMAH, and GelMAL. (B) Degree of methacrylation of GelMAH and
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GelMAL calculated using the 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) method. (C) Circular dichroism (CD) spectra of Gel, GelMAH, and GelMAL
at 4 and 37°C, respectively. (D) FT-IR spectra of Gel, GelMAH, and GelMAL. (E) Variation of Gʹ and G˝ in terms of temperature for Gel, GelMAH, and
GelMAL. Abbreviations: Gel, gelatin; GelMAH, GelMA with a high degree of methacrylation; GelMAL, GelMA with a low degree of methacrylation.

s. As shown in Figure 5F, GelMA, HAp/GelMA, MgHAp/ 3.3. Properties and characterization of 3D
GelMA, and MgHAp/GelMA-PDA inks all possessed printed scaffolds
excellent thixotropic behavior. The viscosity of the inks The printability of inks plays a crucial role in assessing
dramatically decreased when subjected to a high shear rate their suitability for 3D printing. 50,51 Printability refers to the
and immediately recovered to the original state after the ability of a printing ink to be continuously and consistently
printed, while forming stable 3D structures in accordance
removal of shear rate. These results confirmed that GelMA, with the design during and after printing process.
HAp/GelMA, MgHAp/GelMA, and MgHAp/GelMA-PDA Printability has an impact on the physical properties (e.g.,
inks could be easily extruded from the printing nozzle and pore shape, pore size, and porosity) of printed structures,
would be suitable for extrusion-based 3D printing. thereby determining their mechanical properties and

Volume 10 Issue 5 (2024) 241 doi: 10.36922/ijb.3526