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International Journal of Bioprinting 3D printed hydrogels for tumor therapy

GelMA-PDA hydrogels exhibited almost the same release was loaded in PDA particles to form PDA@DOX
trend. Furthermore, the MgHAp/GelMA and MgHAp/ particles. Moreover, PDA@DOX particles were loaded
GelMA-PDA hydrogels shared the similar Mg release in 3D-printed hydrogels for providing combined therapy
2+
profile. The concentrations of Ca and Mg gradually and synergistic effect. Firstly, the photothermal behavior
2+
2+
increased with the immersion time, suggesting the of 3D-printed GelMA, HAp/GelMA, MgHAp/GelMA,
sustained release of Ca and Mg from MgHAp/GelMA and MgHAp/GelMA-PDA hydrogels was investigated.
2+
2+
and MgHAp/GelMA-PDA hydrogels. Figure 9A–C shows the temperature changes of hydrogels
when they were irradiated by an 808 nm NIR laser at
3.4. Photothermal effect and in vitro release of DOX different power densities (0.5 and 1.0 W/cm ). After
2
As aforementioned, constructing an on-site controlled being irradiated by NIR laser at 0.5 and 1.0 W/cm for
2
anti-tumor drug delivery system assisted by PTT enables 3 min, MgHAp/GelMA-PDA hydrogels were heated
to greatly advance tumor treatment due to the synergy to 42.7 and 48.4°C, respectively. Previous studies have
of chemotherapy and induced hyperthermia. 5,61 PDA indicated that tumor cells were efficiently killed when
particles are highly biocompatible and have been widely the local temperature had gone up to 42–50°C. In
63
used as photothermal agent for controlled drug release this context, MgHAp/GelMA-PDA@DOX hydrogels
due to their relatively high photothermal conversion could provide effective hyperthermic ablation of tumor
efficiency. In addition, the abundant catechol and amine cells when implanted at the tumor resection site of the
groups on PDA nanoparticles confer substantial adhesive body. Furthermore, to determine the effect of NIR laser
capabilities that enable high drug loading efficiency. irradiation on DOX release, 3D-printed MgHAp/GelMA-
62
Therefore, in the current study, anti-tumor drug, DOX, PDA@DOX hydrogels were used. As a result, more

Figure 7. Mechanical properties of printed hydrogels in wet state. (A–D) Typical compression stress–strain curves (A), Young’s modulus (B), compression
strength (C), and compression strain (D) of 3D-printed GelMA, HAp/GelMA, MgHAp/GelMA, and MgHAp/GelMA-PDA hydrogels.

Volume 10 Issue 5 (2024) 246 doi: 10.36922/ijb.3526