Page 112 - IJB-6-4

3D printing of anisotropic bone structure
A

B

C

D

Figure 1. Fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) oriented collagen scaffolds with controlled molecular
alignment. (A) Type I collagen solution was deposited with a controlled 3D robotic arm. Collagen solution
was extruded from the nozzle, allowing fibril formation with aligned molecular arrangement of amino acid
sequencing (Gly-X-Y). Each oriented collagen fiber sheet was laminated layer by layer for 3D construct.
(B) Appearance of the fabricated 3D collagen substrates. Left; scaffold with random orientation. Right;
one-directional oriented scaffold. (C) Birefringence analysis of the substrates. The bidirectional arrows
and color maps show the orientation of collagen fiber in the obtained scaffold. (D) The angular distribution
of the collagen fiber orientation in the scaffold determined from the corresponding birefringence images.

108 International Journal of Bioprinting (2020)–Volume 6, Issue 4