Page 399 - IJB-10-6

International

Journal of Bioprinting

RESEARCH ARTICLE
3D-printed polycaprolactone-magnetic

nanoparticles composite multifunctional
scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration and

hyperthermia treatment

Susheem Kanwar 1,2 id and Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman *
1,2 id
1 The Vijay Lab, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab
Emirates
2 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York
University, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America

Abstract
Cancer management after tumor resection is characterized by two critical needs: (i)
rehabilitation of the resected tissue and (ii) preventing post-surgical tumor recurrence
by destroying any residual tumors. The state-of-the-art in literature is limited because
it tackles these two major priorities individually: achieving tissue regeneration via
autologous grafting and preventing tumor recurrence through chemotherapy. In this
paper, extrusion 3D printing has been employed to manufacture composite multi-
functional scaffolds with polycaprolactone (PCL) as a polymeric matrix and magnetic
*Corresponding author: nanoparticles (MNPs) in a 0–50 wt% ratio, which would aid in bone regeneration and
Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman
(vs89@nyu.edu) cancer management via magnetic hyperthermia treatment. The fabricated scaffolds
were evaluated for their mechanical, magnetic, and thermal characteristics. The
Citation: Kanwar S, Young’s modulus of the scaffolds increased multi-fold with increasing concentration
Vijayavenkataraman S. 3D-printed
polycaprolactone-magnetic of MNPs added to PCL (i.e., 26.88 ± 9.02 MPa for pure PCL to 229.06 ± 37.05 MPa
nanoparticles composite for PCL/50 wt% MNP scaffolds). PCL/MNP scaffolds displayed a directly proportional
multifunctional scaffolds for correlation between MNP concentration and saturation magnetization. While the in
bone tissue regeneration and
hyperthermia treatment. vitro tests demonstrated a statistically significant cell growth of human mesenchymal
Int J Bioprint. 2024;10(6):4538. stem cells (hMSCs) over 7 days for all MNP concentrations, only the 50% MNP scaffold
doi: 10.36922/ijb.4538 exhibited an increase in temperature over 41 C when subjected to an alternating
o
Received: August 15, 2024 magnetic field, making it suitable for the hyperthermia treatment. On application
Revised: September 6, 2024 of alternating magnetic fields to PCL and PCL/50 wt% MNP scaffolds, there was an
Accepted: September 18, 2024
Published Online: September 18, increase in hMSCs proliferation and a decrease in bone cancer cell proliferation, thus
2024 validating the potential of the multi-functional scaffold for post-surgical bone cancer
Copyright: © 2024 Author(s). management.
This is an Open Access article
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution Keywords: Cancer; Hyperthermia; Magnetic nanoparticles; Polycaprolactone; 3D
License, permitting distribution, printing; Scaffolds
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is
properly cited.
Publisher’s Note: AccScience
Publishing remains neutral with 1. Introduction
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional Porous biocompatible scaffolds have long been used as an alternative to autografts or
1
affiliations. allografts to promote tissue regeneration. Their performance is typically improved by

Volume 10 Issue 6 (2024) 391 doi: 10.36922/ijb.4538