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     International Journal of Bioprinting                               Semi-solid extrusion for pediatric medicine
            Figure 2. SSE 3D printing extrusion mechanisms: pneumatic extrusion including (A1) valve-free and (A2) valve-based. Adapted with permission from
              80
            ref.  Copyright © 2024 Elsevier.
            Figure 3. SSE 3D printing extrusion mechanisms: mechanical extrusion including (B1) piston- or (B2) screw-driven. Adapted with permission from ref. 80
            Copyright © 2024 Elsevier.
            like the anti-infective drug-loaded urinary catheter made   solid oral dosage forms (Table 1), including chewable
            by Archana et al.  The articles reviewed report different   formulations. For example, Rouaz-El Hajoui et al.
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            drug release kinetics (immediate or controlled release),   developed a gastro-resistant form produced by SSE from
            demonstrating the versatility of SSE for producing variants   a hydrogel loaded with pellets containing an API sensitive
            of the same drug. Except for orodispersible forms, which   to the stomach’s acidic pH. This example demonstrates
            are primarily advantageous for their rapid release of   that the formulation of a chewable form is compatible with
            APIs, controlled release kinetics are found among all the   modified release kinetics.
            Volume 10 Issue 6 (2024)                        50                                doi: 10.36922/ijb.4063
     	
