Page 120 - IJB-8-3

3D Scaffold for Combined Antibacterial and Antitumor Therapy
required to guide new bone repair and growth in patients In situ growth of nanoparticles on the carrier is an
with bone defects after surgery operation [4,5] , yet bacterial effective way to solve this problem [18-21] . For example,
infection is a serious problem, leading to implant failure Ali et al. synthesized Au@graphene mixed aerogel by
during bone reconstruction . in situ reduction using NIR radiation, in which gold
[6]
Multimodal therapies, such as photothermal therapy/ nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed and enhanced
photodynamic therapy (PTT/PDT), chemo-PTT, and PDT/ the conductivity of graphene oxide (GO) . Nanometer
[22]
chemotherapy therapy, make it possible to cure tumor system of in situ growth of silver has been developed, Xu
recurrence and bacterial infection . A study by Li et al. et al. synthesized a silver modified hollow silicon dioxide
[7]
designed a multifunctional scaffold consisting of porous (SiO ) nanoparticles, which showed good dispersity in
2
Ti6Al4V, chitosan, and selenium-doped hydroxyapatite ethanol and water, and had good antibacterial activity
[23]
nanoparticles promoted osteoblast proliferation while against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus .
[8]
inhibited tumor cells growth and bacterial viability, which However, the conditions for surface functionalization of
can be potentially used for treating bone defects resulted nanomaterials are often complex and difficult to control. In
from surgical resection of osteosarcoma. Some researchers general, redox reaction is an effective method to obtain Ag
[24]
have introduced photothermal agents and drugs into stents NPs on nanocarriers . Polydopamine stands out among
to achieve the synergistic treatment of PTT/PDT. For reducing agents because of its good biocompatibility and
example, Wang et al. reported highly active single-atomic adhesion properties, as well as its large amount of catechol
[25]
iron catalyst modified three-dimensional (3D)-printed and amine groups . More importantly, its catechin group
bioactive glass scaffold with the ability to generate reactive can be adsorbed to nanocarriers by coordination reaction
[26]
oxygen species (ROS) and absorb near-infrared (NIR) and then reduced to Ag NPs by redox reaction , which
laser, which can be used for antibacterial and antitumor helps to control the content and size of Ag NPs by the
+
treatment of osteosarcoma . NIR laser-induced heating concentration of Ag .
[9]
can also enhance the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics, In this study, a codispersed Ag@PMoS nanosystem
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leading to reduced drug dosage and improved treatment was developed by in situ reduction of Ag NPs on MoS NSs
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efficacy . However, multidrug resistance of bacteria and with polydopamine. In the Ag@PMoS , Ag NPs and MoS
[10]
2
2
inadequate mechanical properties of scaffolds limit their NSs are separated from each other, where MoS NSs loaded
2
application in bone replacement materials. Ag NPs, while Ag NPs acts as steric hindrance to prevent
MoS nanosheets (MoS NSs) belong to a novel the accumulation of MoS NSs (Figure 1I). Then, Ag@
2
2
2
type of nanomaterial with large specific surface area, PMoS was mixed with polyglycolic acid (PGA). Finally,
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easy surface modification, and high NIR photothermal the composite scaffold was developed by selective laser
conversion efficiency, which are being developed for sintering (SLS) technology (Figure 1Ⅱ). The morphology
cancer diagnosis and treatment [11-13] . Chen et al. developed and structure as well as the chemical composition of Ag@
a novel MoS /Bi2S3 nanomaterial based on MoS , which PMoS were analyzed. Furthermore, the comprehensive
2
2
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can be used for photoacoustic and computed tomography performance of 3D scaffolds was evaluated, including
imaging and tumor photothermal therapy . Cai et al. photothermal performance and photothermal stability,
[14]
developed an DOX@Apt-PEG-PDA-MoS nanoplatform
2
based on MoS and adaptor functionalization, which I
2
can effectively target breast cancer and cooperate with
photothermal therapy . Meanwhile, silver and silver-
[15]
based compounds are recognized as powerful antibacterial
agents due to their high bactericidal efficiency, wide
bactericidal spectrum, and no bacterial resistance . II
[5]
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) not only release silver ion
(Ag ) to destroy the protein structure of bacterial cell
+
membrane, inhibit the activities of respiratory enzymes
and proteins, inhibit DNA transcription and translation,
but also upregulate the level of ROS, causing oxidative
damage to bacteria . Hence, the combination of MoS
[16]
2
and silver may be a promising antitumor and antibacterial
strategy. However, MoS NSs and Ag NPs tend to
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agglomerate in the polymer matrix because of their large Figure 1. Schematic diagram of preparation and antibacterial and
van der Waals forces, as well as the explosive release antitumor function of multifunctional scaffold. (I) Preparation
of Ag is still a problem in the application of Ag-based process of in situ growth of Ag NPs on MoS . (Ⅱ) Mechanism of
+
2
antibacterial materials . antibacterial and antitumor of multifunctional therapy.
[17]
112 International Journal of Bioprinting (2022)–Volume 8, Issue 3
Please cite this article as: Zheng L, Zhong Y, He T, et al., 2022, A Codispersed Nanosystem of Silver-anchored MoS Enhances Antibacterial
2
and Antitumor Properties of Selective Laser Sintered Scaffolds, Int J Bioprint, 8(3):0025. http://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v8i3.0025