Page 176 - IJB-8-4

Metal 3DP Hybrid Suture Anchor for Osteoporosis
Table 3. Failure mode of pullout tests under static and after dynamic loads
Fracture mode CSA (Arthex) HSAWOW HSAWW
Static (7.5 pcf sawbone)

Fracture mode AP AP AP
Static (20 pcf sawbone)

Fracture mode SB AP AP
After dynamic load (7.5 pcf sawbone)

Fracture mode AP AP AP
After dynamic load (20 pcf sawbone)

Fracture mode SB AP AP
SB, Suture broken; AP, Anchor pull out; CSA, Commercial solid anchor

Table 4. The percentage of the stained area (blue) to the total area along the anchor contour 1 mm outward for the histomorphometrical
evaluation
No. CSA (Arthex) HSA with the wing open P‑value
Pig 1 16.147 19.934 <0.05
Pig 1 19.243 17.050 <0.05
Pig 2 20.716 18.485 <0.05
Pig 2 20.384 17.394 <0.05
Ave±Std 19.802±2.08 18.21±1.30
HSA, Hybrid suture anchor; CSA, Commercial solid anchor

thirds of the average arm strength of a 20-year-old anchor, without the wing open, the double-thread design
adult as the load condition [22] . A dynamic load cycle of was used to increase the contact area with the cortical
300 refers to the average number between 107 and 408 bone, thereby increasing failure strength under the same
load cycles that could induce maximum displacement 5.5-mm diameter compared with the control anchor.
after surgery [22] . Consequently, the failure strength of the newly-designed
The results of static and dynamic pullout testing anchor was better after the wings were open because wing
showed that the failure strength between the new anchor clamping of the bone increased holding strength. When
and bone, with or without the wing open, regardless of compared HSA static failure strength to control group, it
osteoporotic bone types was higher than that of the control can be found that the severe osteoporosis folds (2.50 for
group. The reason may be that for the newly-designed with the wing open and 1.95 for without the wing open)

168 International Journal of Bioprinting (2022)–Volume 8, Issue 4