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International Journal of Bioprinting Review on Hybrid Biomanufacturing Systems

A B

C D E

G F

Figure 3. (A) The NovoGen MMX 3D Bioprinter (Organovo, San Diego, America). (B) A multi‑nozzle low‑temperature deposition and manufacturing
(M-LDM) system with screw-driven piston actuated extruders , with permission from JOHN WILEY & SONS (publisher). (C) Multi‑head deposition
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system (MHDS) , with permission from ELSEVIER BV (publisher). (D) 3D Bioplotter (EnvisonTEC). (E) Integrated tissue-organ printer (ITOP) , with
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permission from Nature Springer (publisher). (F) CAD/CAM process for automated printing of 3D shape imitating target tissue or organ using ITOP ,
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with permission from Springer Nature (publisher). (G) A desktop multi‑material biomanufacturing system , with permission from Springer Nature
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(publisher).
atelocollagen) for printing multi-material constructs, with (HA) were blended with PCL to fabricate scaffolds for bone
resolution < 100 µm. PCL/PLGA scaffolds with controlled tissue engineering .
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pore size and line width were fabricated, presenting good 3D Bioplotter is another commercial system based
biocompatibility. Shim et al. (2011) used this system to on multi-pneumatic extrusion heads and is one of the
fabricate scaffolds consisting of synthetic biopolymers most popular systems. The machine was developed at the
and a natural hydrogel . Moreover, bioactive ceramic Freiburg Material Research Centre and commercialized by
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particles, tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and hydroxyapatite EnvisonTEC (Figure 3D). The 3D bioplotter combines
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Volume 9 Issue 1 (2023) 326 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i1.646