Page 95 - IJB-9-1

International Journal of Bioprinting Progress in bioprinting of bone

Zonal structure --- EPC-laden Matrigel part on the left and MSC-laden Matrigel part with BCP on the right MSC-laden alginate+BCP on the left and chondrocyte-laden alginate on the right --- --- PCL supporting mesh --- --- --- -- -- --- --- (Contd...)

Viability ~70 – 95% --- 89% 80 – 90% ~78 – 96% ~100% 86 ± 10% at 21 days ~90% >86% ~97% -- 92% ---

Compressive modulus --- --- 6.4 – 14.8 kPa Porous: 5.6 kPa Solid: 7.3 kPa 8.6 – 10.3 kPa --- --- --- --- --- 36.4 ± 9.6 kPa --- ---

Mechanical reinforcement --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- -- ---

Table 1. Summary of the studies on extrusion‑based bone bioprinting and properties of the constructs

Pore size (porosity) 300 μm --- 0.8, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mm (0, 35%, 48%, and 66%) 1 mm (40%) --- --- --- --- 1 mm --- -- ---

Animal model --- Female nude mice Female nude mice Mice --- Nude mice --- Male athymic immunodeficient mice --- --- -- --- ---

Cell source BMSCs EPC, MSCs MSCs, chondrocytes MSCs MC3T3-E2 MSCs hBMSCs hBMSCs, HUVECs hTMSCs iMSCs, ucMSCs, BMSCs, ADSCs hMSCs, HUVECs SaOS-2 SaOS-2

Alginate, Lutrol F127, PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymer, Matrigel, agarose, methylcellulose Matrigel, alginate, BCP , Lutrol ® Alginate, calcium phosphate, plasmid DNA encoding BMP-2 Alginate, PVA, HAp Alginate (RGD-γ-irradiated), nHAp, PCL, pDNA, BMP-2, Nanoclay LPN, GelMA LAP , alginate, methylcellulose Silk fibroin, gelatin Fibrin, gelatin, alginate agarose, collagen, HA, glycerol Hap Type A gelatin, nHAp, genipin Alginate, gelatin

Materials F127 Alginate, BCP TGF-β3 BMP-2, VEGF silica, biosilica

Study Fedorovich et al. [71] Fedorovich et al. [58] Fedorovich et al. [81] Loozen et al. [110] Bendtsen et al. [83] Cunniffe et al. [111] Cidonio et al. [112] Cidonio et al. [113] Das et al. [56] Wehrle et al. [117] Chiesa et al. [118] Neufurth et al. [75] Wang et al. [120]

Volume 9 Issue 1 (2023) 87 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i1.628