Page 352 - IJB-9-3

International Journal of Bioprinting Decellularized materials for bioprinting of liver constructs

[81]
Figure 2. Important variables in hydrogel design and synthesis for biofabrication-bioprinting applications. Adapted from ref. , with copyright permission.
3. Decellularized extracellular matrix as of extracellular components [97-106] . It is noteworthy that
potential bioink material decellularized-acellular matrices retain predominantly
fibrous and nonantigenic extracellular macromolecules,
Decellularization refers to the process of complete elution such as glycoproteins (collagen, elastin, fibronectin, and
of cells and some antigenic components, primarily from laminin), glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and growth
animal and human tissues and organs, while maintaining factors. In contrast, reconstitution of the original bioactive
the inherent 3D microstructural, physicochemical, composition, natural organization, and hierarchal structure
and biomechanical properties essential for preserving of the tissue-specific microenvironment is synthetically
specialized cell functions and regulating tissue integrity impossible (Figure 5).
in acellular matrix templates [94-96] . Decellularization of
specific organs and tissues can be typically accomplished There is an increasing interest in the biofabrication/
by chemical, physical, and enzymatic approaches bioprinting of tissue-specific bioequivalents in terms of
(Figure 4). A combination of these methods can also be anatomical, functional, and architectural features for
used to increase the effectiveness of the decellularization studying the fundamental biological and pathophysiology
procedures, avoid detrimental effects associated with processes, mechanotransductive responses, drug
certain decellularization techniques, and balance the response profiling, cytotoxicity screening, and
removal of cellular components with the preservation development of personalized tissue-based therapies. To

Volume 9 Issue 3 (2023) 344 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.714