Page 363 - IJB-9-5

International Journal of Bioprinting

RESEARCH ARTICLE
Multifunctional high-simulation 3D-printed

hydrogel model manufacturing engineering for
surgical training

Xiaodong Xu 1,2† , Shijie Yu 1,2† , Liang Ma , Jinlei Mao , Hao Chen , Zhihao Zhu ,
2,3
1,2
2,3
2,3
Li Wang , Hui Lin , Jing Zhang *, Zhifei Wang *
2
1
5
4
1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou,
Zhejiang 310014, China
2 Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Zhejiang
Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
3
The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
310053, China
4 Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang
310014, China
5 College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou,
Zhejiang 310058, China
† These authors contributed equally
to this work.
*Corresponding authors: Abstract
Jing Zhang
(zhangjing@zjut.edu.cn) Advanced bionic organ models with vivid biological structures and wetness and
Zhifei Wang softness are essential for medical-surgical training. Still, there are many challenges
(wangzhifei1973@zju.edu.cn) in the preparation process, such as matching mechanical properties, good
Citation: Xu X, Yu S, Ma L, feedback on surgical instruments, reproducibility of specific surgical scenarios,
et al., 2023, Multifunctional high- and distinguishability between structural levels. In this paper, we achieved tissue-
simulation 3D-printed hydrogel mimicking dual-network (DN) hydrogels with customizable stiffness by adjusting the
model manufacturing engineering
for surgical training. Int J Bioprint, composition of the hydrogel matrix and the immersion time of the ionic solution
9(5): 766. to match different biological soft tissues precisely. Combined with advanced three-
https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.766 dimensional (3D) printing fabrication techniques, various performance-tunable
Received: February 23, 2023 bionic hydrogel organ models with structural complexity and fidelity, including
Accepted: April 18, 2023 kidney, liver, pancreas, and vascular tissues, were perfectly fabricated. The simulation
Published Online: June 1, 2023 and applicability of the model were also simulated for the forced change of the
Copyright: © 2023 Author(s). suture needle in the puncture and suture of a single tissue and between different
This is an Open Access article tissues, the cutting of substantive organs by ultrasonic scalpel, the coagulation
distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution and hemostasis of blood vessels, the visualization of the internal structure under
License, permitting distribution, ultrasound, and the microwave ablation of liver tumors. By constructing advanced
and reproduction in any medium, biomimetic organ models based on hydrogel with specific and tunable properties,
provided the original work is
properly cited. the development of surgical training, medical device testing, and medical education
reform will be significantly promoted.
Publisher’s Note: Whioce
Publishing remains neutral with
regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional Keywords: Bionic organ models; 3D printing fabrication; Surgical training;
affiliations. Dual-network hydrogels; Tunable properties

Volume 9 Issue 5 (2023) 355 https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.766